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How to fall in love with a city: Embrace the adventure, Marco Polo ki aulad!

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As I sit on the plane headed for Pakistan before moving to Paris, I silently grieve for what was home for two years and go over some of my most memorable moments as well as my mental notes about the place. Suddenly, on the jazz music channel (thank you, noise-cancelling headphones) I hear Carmen McRae crooning ‘The loveliness of Paris…’ and then Ella Fitzgerald ‘April in Paris’. All I needed was this nudge from the universe to begin to look forward to a new adventure. [embed width="620"]http://www.dailymotion.com/video/x4fvsd_april-in-paris-ella-fitzgerald-1957_music[/embed] Sometimes we do things right instinctively. Sometimes we need a teacher. Sometimes we need to make a ‘notes-to-self’ kind of list, and to learn from mistakes. Then there is that rare occurrence where one’s rhythm is a perfect match to that of a city’s: the ‘energichni, interiyesni, gorod Mockba’ (energetic/ alive, interesting city of Moscow) and its ‘krasivi arxitekturi’ (beautiful architecture), which got under my skin in a bewilderingly short period of time. Initially hesitant about moving to such an alien place, I found myself melting into Moscow’s particular charms: Russia’s soul got under my skin, the way it does if you open your heart to it. I also realise that I had been working from a mental list of Do’s and Don’ts when I moved to Moscow initially, but in preparation for the move to Paris, I decide to write down some of what I have learnt in my travels. How should I organise my thoughts? There are so many ways, but I decide to do the most immediate thing: base this list on recent statements and observations made by my supportive friends about this life of constant change. Some which actually surprised me:

“I remember that you knew what you wanted when you came here two years ago, and it seems to me you have achieved it”, said my Swedish friend Veronika, reminding me of our initial conversation.
I had never consciously thought of this settling in process in those terms. [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="595"] Photo: Zarminae Ansari[/caption] 1- Have clarity of purpose When I arrived, I had made a mental list about what I wanted out of the next two years. I knew that I wanted to do as much as possible in this relatively short time: to get to know the city and learn as much about the culture as I could. Make a list of what you want out of a new place. Maybe you want to know everything about just one aspect of the culture – or study its literature, or perhaps you want to swallow as many aspects of it as you can. Whatever it is- make a list. Stick to it. Things will be challenging, settling in will be time-consuming at first. It will be easy to get into a routine and lose sight of your goals. Don’t. 2- Learn the language [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="600"] Photo: Zarminae Ansari[/caption] ‘I can vouch for you wanting storms’, said Amber, one of my oldest friends when I shared this quote by the Russian poet, Anna Akhmatova. Those who knew me best understood why the quote spoke to me. I thrive, like most people I suppose, on new experiences. Not just the novelty, but also the educational aspect of experiencing the new, unfamiliar and unique. Another thing I was very clear about, perhaps the greatest challenge I set myself, or the ‘storm’ if you will, was to learn this incredibly difficult language. I admired the proficiency with which my diplomat friends spoke it. These days I am extremely proud of our embassy in Moscow: it is entirely Russian speaking. All the way to the top: to our current ambassador, Zaheer A Janjua. The importance of this simply cannot be emphasised enough in non-English-speaking countries. And while I’m not even close to proficiency, I certainly get by and my experience was made all the richer for it. Use every opportunity to use the new language; people will be more helpful and generally kinder when they see that you are making an effort to communicate with them in their own language. Very helpful if bargaining for discounts at the local market – you might even make unexpected friends. I did my language homework at the café around the corner – it was great to practice whatever I learnt. The free coffee was a bonus. 3- Be a resident tourist As I said my goodbyes, many friends commented that I would get to know Paris as well or perhaps more than Moscow which I had really managed to explore surprisingly well in the relatively short time of two years. However, it wasn’t always so. One of the mistakes I made early on in my expat life was to be complacent.  As a tourist, I often wondered why friends who lived in the town I was visiting had not seen some of the things that I, as a mere visitor had. Now I know. Living down the road from the Victoria and Albert Museum in London, I make the mistake of feeling like I had all the time in the world to visit it. I missed many places because they were too ‘touristy’. [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="483"] Photo: Zarminae Ansari[/caption] In Moscow, armed with a few good guidebooks, and Mustansar Hussain Tarar’s poignant and witty recollections of the city, ‘Moscow ki Safaid Raatein’, I attacked the town the way a tourist with limited time does, marking off all the major sites within the first few weeks. And consequently trying to see at least one new place: a museum, park or neighbourhood every single week without fail. This allowed me to get oriented with the city in record time, and also identify my favourite sites and places so that I could return to my favourite ones, and I did. You really do NOT have all the time in the world. Try not to wait to see major sites ‘when friends and family visit’, because they may not. And it might be time to move again. [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="450"] Photo: Zarminae Ansari[/caption] 4- Join the club Jump in immediately! Most cities, even the smallest ones have expat clubs that take many forms. Some are spouse associations and support groups for ‘trailing spouses’ (a term I’m not terribly fond of), the International Women’s Club (IWC), and nationality (for example, Commonwealth Club) and language-based clubs (for example, Damas Latinas). Other resources and clubs include the school, kids’ clubs and sports-based clubs, which are great to meet like-minded people and/or other parents. For single people the best clubs are activity-based, since these social so-called ‘expat clubs’ sometimes tend to attract a different kind of crowd, which is great if you’re into that kind of thing: local girls, expat guys. A few of the things I learnt about and experienced through some clubs: Russian literature, Moscow architecture, history of the Gulag and Stalin’s Terror, creating decoupage crafts, Soviet Realist Art, traditional cuisines, Russian Icons, days out of Moscow. I met many like-minded people in the clubs I joined – especially the extraordinary, well-organised, International Women’s Club of Moscow with its scores of activities and interest groups, which is one of the largest chapters of the IWC. I can truly say that joining this one club made my Moscow experience all the more rewarding. Kelly, with whom I led my first architecture walk-tour only three weeks after arriving in Russia, and Marina, who took over from her, encouraged me to start a similar group in Paris. I befriended some of the most intelligent women on these walks, Dorothea and Jana, who are convinced that club or not, I will get to know Paris, my new city – Dorothea’s favourite. While I am grateful for their vote of confidence, I am completely convinced of the value and efficacy of clubs – at least initially, so taking my own advice, I have already reached out to all the clubs I am eligible for! [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="449"] Photo: Zarminae Ansari[/caption] 5- Share your discoveries If you use social media, share! If you don’t, tell your friends! If you see, draw! If you hear, describe! When you tell others about a fantastic new private museum you have discovered, write about something you had only a superficial understanding of in the past, photograph all that is new, unusual or fascinating, or even sketch a scene or a building; you remember more of it, understand it more deeply. It is easier if you are a writer, journalist or artist. But even if you aren’t, consider writing about your experiences, or sketching, not just photographing it. Yes: even if you have never sketched or written before! [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="225"] Photo: Zarminae Ansari[/caption] In ‘The Art of Travel’, (required reading for travellers!) Alain De Botton writes about John Ruskin who published books and gave lectures in the late 19th century to laymen, workers and craftsmen on art.
“What was the point of drawing? Ruskin saw no paradox in stressing that it had nothing to do with drawing well, or with becoming an artist… because drawing could teach us to see: to notice rather than to look. In the process of recreating with our own hand what lies before our eyes, we seem naturally to move from a position of observing beauty in a loose way to one where we acquire a deep understanding of its constituent parts and, hence, more secure memories of it.” “Another benefit we may derive from drawing is a conscious understanding of the reasons behind our attraction to certain landscapes and buildings. We find explanations for our tastes; we develop an ‘aesthetic’, a capacity to assert judgements about beauty and ugliness.”
Botton describes the problem Ruskin saw with photography after his initial enthusiasm for it and writes that instead of being a supplement to the process of observation, photography seemed to replace it completely with people comfortable in the knowledge that a moment of beauty had been forever captured. However, sometimes, we really do not have the luxury of time needed for drawing a scene, or a building. All we have is a camera or a smart phone. Even this can be put to better use if we use it as a travel diary or mini-blog. Photos and selfies in front of monuments become rather monotonous for our friends and family after a while- with the exception of grandmothers. (In case you haven’t noticed: grandmothers want to see their grandkids in front of every major monument, or practicing riding a scooter in Victory Park, or even scowling at the sun. Everyone else I know is more interested in a little nugget of information about the place or event. So many friends have written to me that they had never put Moscow on the top of a list, or even on any list of places to visit, but have decided to do so after all that I have shared. While that is very gratifying, my intention while sharing was really journaling my own experience under time constraints. Having said that, I think it’s great fun to change peoples’ perceptions and I am looking forward to leading a group-tour of friends back to my favourite Moscow haunts soon (and before I forget my Russian). [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="472"] Photo: Zarminae Ansari[/caption] 6- Understand the country through its arts and culture Akhmatova, Bulgakov, Chekhov. Dostoevsky to Dovlatov. Erofeev. Okhudzhava to Oleshin, and Pushkin to Pasternak. Tolstoy, Turgenev , Trifanov, Tsvetaeva and Tatiana Tolstaya. These are some of the names I became acquainted with thanks to an amazing series of lectures about Russian literature where I discovered some of my favourite books. They helped me start to understand, in a relatively short time, the fact that it is impossible to understand or explain Russia. You can only begin to feel its soul. My friend, John, who came to Russia and never left, understood this strange phenomenon. There are some places that you can fall in love with at first sight. Others are so intimidating, challenging and forbidding that you might want to retreat into your expat cocoon and its coffee parties. Don’t: it might take you completely by surprise how a place slowly gets under your skin, if you let it by learning more about it. As Churchill said about Russia:
“It is a riddle wrapped in a mystery inside an enigma”.
My son and I were the first expat guests at Bogdarnya, an agro-tourism retreat outside Moscow. At first, going alone, to what seemed to be the middle of nowhere with a small child, seemed a bit foolhardy, we were lucky though, as the Kopiski family who run it made every effort to allay any fears and facilitate the visit. We never looked back. It is my son’s favourite memory of Russia and probably one of my top five. It is also the place where I truly felt more of that ‘Russian soul’ than in the rush of Moscow city life and its designer boutiques. I saw my first troika race and carriage driver’s competition, traditional village dances, wooden dachas, the warmth and spirituality of a completely wooden ‘Khram’ or church. ‘Song of the Arbat’ was the bard-poet Bulat Okhutzhava’s famous poem or song which helped with my Russian homework, and at the same time made me look at the historic street I lived by, in a new way:
“You flow like a river with your strange name, And your asphalt transparent like water in a river”, sang the bard whose much-photographed monument graces the street he lived on and wrote about.
[caption id="" align="alignnone" width="411"] Photo: Zarminae Ansari[/caption] 7- Drop the deadwood I am still learning – but getting better at dropping the deadwood. I read something somewhere about ‘drains and radiators’. As the name suggest, drains were acquaintances whose negative energy leave you drained, whereas radiators emanate warmth and leave you wanting more. I often invited my son’s friends for play dates and their mothers for coffee when they came to pick their kids up. In two cases, I realised early on that they were drains and did not extend this acquaintance beyond that particular excruciating cup of coffee where they complained about Moscow, said that they had nothing to do and were bored because their husbands were travelling. I was sympathetic, of course, after all we all faced the same challenges – but their conversation did not extend beyond the difficulties of living there. When I made suggestions – not unlike this list – they were not interested in improving the quality of their lives by joining any clubs or activity groups which had actually eased my own transition and settling in process. Huge red flag: if people hate everything about where they live and find absolutely no redeeming qualities about it, they are drains. Only boring people get bored. I should probably be more charitable and mention here – that sometimes they are going through a crisis in their personal lives (and who isn’t?), which makes them induratize (more on that in point eight). Be their therapist (if you have the energy). But know that they are drains. [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="406"] Photo: Zarminae Ansari[/caption] And then there are radiators: people like my rocket-scientist (literally) friend Tricia who works for NASA (and how cool is that?), whose energy and ‘FOMO’ (Fear of Missing Out) rivalled, nay- superseded my own. She was ready to try out new things (like a Russian rock concert, a jive/swing dance class, a national dance show that could have been cheesy but wasn’t, a new restaurant, or a new city) and organise it all to take everyone along with her on her journey. Fiona, a journalist, was the walking queen: sending out open invitations to friends to join her in long walks around Moscow neighbourhoods, or join her for concerts. The ultimate radiator has got to be one of the most humble, loving and warm people I have ever met: astronaut Suni Williams. In fact, all the astronauts I met were just the kindest bunch of people, and then it occurred to me: if you are in space for up to six months at a time – you would drive the rest of your colleagues to open the hatches of the International Space Station (ISS) and jump out if you weren’t a radiator – so being an inspiration comes with the job description. One disclaimer here – I have not loved every city I have lived in. In the early days, as I was making this list (mentally) I was still learning, so even that experience wasn’t without value as it provided me with two things, which redeem even Houston. One was a what-not-to-do list, and the other was a radiator, Rachel, whose grace and warmth I continue to learn from. 8- Do not induratize Tulin, who has experienced the expat life growing up, understood something that friends, who have never moved countries, never do:
“Moving never gets easier, somehow... I’m sure you made the most of your time in Moscow, and it’s harder because you allowed yourself to fall in love with it. So many people never fall in love with the cities they live in, and it’s a shame.”
Aishu, a friend from architecture school who observed that I gave myself completely to each place I lived in, said:
“You have the heart and soul to let yourself be vulnerable enough to fall in love with all the places you live in. You leave a part of yourself there, yet absorb and gain something from there. Hats off to you for learning their language, it made this journey all the more soulful and important.”
I could pretend to be modest and write ‘humbled that she thought that’ – but I won’t: I will be unabashedly proud of that achievement. Be vulnerable. Open your heart and forget the inevitable heartbreak. It is also possible to make lasting friendships even till the last few days before leaving a place. Some of my best memories are from only a few months before my departure from Moscow, when I met some of the most unforgettable people in my life, people I feel blessed to have in my life. If I had met them with the cynicism that some expats develop, I might never have experienced a DDT rock concert (the Russian U2/ Roger Waters) in Gorky park with a bunch of NASA astronauts, seen a classic Russian movie which is an integral part of the cultural life of people and is shown every year on New Year’s Eve, or had the most fun behind the scenes at a symphony orchestra concert at the famous Moscow Conservatory. I was encouraged and inspired by my friend Ilse – a seasoned traveller and expat who has spent many more years than I have moving countries, and lamented that, “now I will have to start all over again, getting to know people and making friends”, and yet, knowing that she would have to, did not stop her from extending the hand of friendship. It was actually her advice that I took to heart about dropping the deadwood, really looking for quality than quantity to forge lasting friendships, even in this relatively short period of time. [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="374"] Photo: Zarminae Ansari[/caption] In conclusion: Embrace the adventure, Marco Polo ki aulad! Someone once tried to be dismissive of my adventurous and adaptive spirit, and called me ‘Marco Polo ki aulad’ (Marco Polo’s progeny), as if it were a bad thing. I love that title and own it proudly- it’s all about the fernweh! As Ibn Batuta, the famous 14th century Islamic scholar, jurist, geographer, traveller-explorer has been quoted as saying:
“Travelling- it leaves you speechless, then turns you into a storyteller”.


Noor Inayat Khan: The Muslim WWII heroine who helped Jews

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Noorunnisa Inayat Khan, also known as Madeleine or Nora Baker, a Muslim woman who is known for her valour and fearlessness during the World War II, was introduced to the world in the recent docudrama, Enemy of the Reich: The Noor Inayat Khan Story, played by an Indian-American actress, Grace Srinivasan. It is based on the chronicles of Khan as a British secret spy in Nazi occupied Paris, France. The year 2014 has been chosen for the release because it marks Khan’s 100th birthday and 70th anniversary of the D-Day. Filmed in Baltimore, the 60-minutes-long biographical docudrama is produced by Alex Kronemer with Michael Wolfe and directed by three times Emmy award winner and an Academy Award Nominee, Robert H Gardner, whose prominent works include The Courage to CareEgypt: Quest for Immortality and Arab and Jew: Wounded Spirits in a Promised Land.  It is narrated by an Academy award winning actress, Helen Mirren. The dramatised story gives detailed information about Khan’s short but noteworthy life. [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="448"] Photo: Enemy of the Reich: The Noor Inayat Khan Story Facebook Page[/caption] Khan was born on January 2, 1914, in Russia, to an Indian Sufi master and musician, Hazrat Inayat Khan and an American mother, Ora Ray Baker. Khan’s father was a descendent of Tipu Sultan, the ruler of Mysore. Her family fled to England after the Nazis invaded France in 1940. There, she joined Britain’s Women’s Auxiliary Air Force as a wireless operator. In 1943, she was posted to Directorate of Air Intelligence, as a covert agent for Winston Churchill’s Special Operations Executive (SOE) and was flown to France under the hidden identity of Jeanne-Marie Regnier, Assistant Section Officer and Ensign. [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="600"] Photo: Enemy of the Reich: The Noor Inayat Khan Story Facebook Page[/caption] The work of the SOE was to help the French forces for preparations of D-Day invasion and Khan clandestinely transmitted vital information back to Britain. After the arrest of her entire network by Gestapo, she became the only connection between Britain and France – synchronising sensitive work and was labelled as the most wanted British agent. She was eventually arrested and interrogated by the Nazis but she never revealed her identity. She tried to escape from her captors but failed, and so she was sent to the notorious Dachau concentration camp in Germany as a result. On September 13, 1944, she was executed by a gunshot in her head. Her last word was ‘liberte’ (freedom). [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="600"] Photo: Enemy of the Reich: The Noor Inayat Khan Story Facebook Page[/caption] Noor Inayat Khan was posthumously awarded by Britain and France; including a George Cross award and Croix de Guerre with a gold star. A plaque in her memory hangs at Dachau and a memorial statue was placed in her honour in London’s Gordon Square in 2012. [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="600"] Photo: Enemy of the Reich: The Noor Inayat Khan Story Facebook Page[/caption] WWII is considered to be the deadliest war in human history that left a profound impact on the international arena. It reshaped the map of the world, particularly the Arab world, resulting in the emergence of a Jew state – Israel. Millions of civilians lost their lives; power poles shifted and paved the way for the Cold War. The United Nations came into effect in 1945 to resolve disputes. And the US and western countries created the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO). During such turbulent times; there was an understanding between the Jews and the Muslims, an understanding we don’t see today. Very few people are aware of the role of Muslims in WWII; how they played a significant role by providing safety to Jews against Nazi oppression. The Grand Mosque in Paris gave protection to Jewish cabaret singer, Simon Halali and the Franco-Muslim Hospital provided shelter to people, irrespective of their faith. Likewise, Algerian Muslim immigrants fought along with French troops. This docudrama, therefore, defies the allegations that Muslims are anti-Semitic. It demonstrates that Muslims and Jews can work together for a better cause. Khan’s laudable anecdote gives a vital message to both Muslims and other communities to have a good understanding of what Islam really stands for. Amidst the on-going Israel-Palestine conflict, this movie makes one wonder whether this animosity is inherent. History shows us that Muslims helped the Jews in times of need and never really protested till their land was being taken over. Moreover, the docudrama comprises of old pictures, views of her surviving nephews and a group of internationally acknowledged scholars discussing Khan’s biography and WWII. It preserves and enlightens the masses about an untold story of a Muslim woman warrior who fell out of the historical chronicles. Noor Inayat Khan will remain a source of inspiration for females as her astonishing life tells us that a woman can be a war heroine; she can sacrifice her life in the line of duty. WWII is filled with stories of unsung heroics and magnificent adventures. But what remain unknown are the courageous actions of women in WWII that revealed what resilience, bravery and determination can achieve. [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="600"] Photo: Enemy of the Reich: The Noor Inayat Khan Story Facebook Page[/caption] All in all, the beautifully shot Enemy of the Reich: The Noor Inayat Khan Story uncovers the audaciousness, vigour and sensitivity of Ms Khan as she risks her life to encounter Nazi tyranny. You will remain engrossed in it till the end to watch the inspirational tale that unquestionably needed to be told as majority is not aware of this brave Muslim woman. I would rate it four on a scale of five – it is definitely a must-watch for history lovers.


Karbala and universal truths

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There comes a moment in our lives when we realise the ‘Great Truths’ around us and this happened to me a decade back in Amroha, Uttar Pradesh, India. I was taking part in a Muharram procession when I stopped to talk to a Sikh cloth seller. His shop’s porch was being used as a pulpit to read a eulogy of Imam Hussain (RA) and when it finished, I asked him why he allows the mourners to block his store’s entrance.

“Syed Sahib, it is because of Hussain that we earn our living. If it was up to me I would have people do a Majlis and matam in front of my shop every day.”
Later when I passed by the Hindu jewellers, I saw that they had opened their safes and carried their valuables outside to let the shadow of alms fall upon them as a blessing for their livelihood. After that, they closed their stores and joined in the procession and carried the Tazia, a replica of the mausoleum of Hazrat Ali (RA), and Tabood. Their children were distributing water and tea, and while watching all this, I recalled Fredrick Douglas words,
“When a Great Truth once gets abroad in the world, no power on earth can imprison it, or prescribe its limits, or suppress it. It is bound to go on till it becomes the thought of the world.”
After 13 centuries, the message of Imam Hussain (RA) and the message of Karbala rings true and strong. The message has thrived and found new followers in spite of centuries of virulent state persecution and covert subversion and obfuscation of truths. The cruelties and abominations of his killers are universally condemned and offer clear proof of the victory of ideals against force, of eternal triumph against transient and ill-gotten gains. Imam Hussain’s (RA) martyrdom at the hands of those who would have destroyed Islam has been hailed by Muslims and non-Muslims alike as the finest example of sacrifice, fortitude, patience, courage and strength against adversary. Mahatma Gandhi said,
“I learnt from Hussain how to achieve victory while being oppressed.” “My faith is that the progress of Islam does not depend on the use of sword by its believers, but the result of the supreme sacrifice of Hussain.”
The reason for this universality of Imam Hussain (RA) is because the lessons of Karbala are not bound by religious beliefs and practices but tie into the very fabric of morals and ethics. Can anyone be insensible to the tragedy of the family of the Prophet (SAW) being starved and deprived of water in a burning desert and then massacred while striving to uphold truth and justice in a capricious world? Can anyone remain unmoved by the killing and beheading of a six-month-old child? Can anyone absolve Yazid and his band of murderers of the grave injustices done to the women of the Prophet’s (SAW) household as they were marched thousands of miles as if slaves in a Roman triumph? These tragedies are universal in nature and affect all who have sensitivities and sensibilities. Unfetters and unbound, they reach across artificial boundaries and appeal to all those who believe in truth, justice, dharma, duty, sacrifice and love. A Hindu clan mourns for Imam Hussain (RA) till today and are called Hussaini Brahmin. Legend goes around the time of the incident when their Maharaja was told by a seer to go and fight for one called Hussain (RA) in a place called Karbala. The prince came too late to help the Imam but carried his message back to his people and they continue it to this day. Karbala is ishq and this is why the myriad lovers of Imam Hussain (RA) identify him as their own. A Punjabi friend told me that when he was a child, he could have sworn that Imam Hussain (RA) was from his village while a Sindhi follower told me that he thought he’s from interior Sindh. Lucknowis see him among themselves and a Lebanese said that he only knew of Imam Hussain’s (RA) Arab origins when he was well into his teenage years. This commonality exists because in fact, Imam Hussain (RA) is present in all of these people and transcends culture and backgrounds. As poet Josh Malihabadi wrote:
“Insaan ko bedaar to ho lene do, har qaum pukaraygi hamare hain Hussain” (Just let humanity awaken, Every tribe will claim Hussain as their own)
Today, there are some who have become so removed from the soul of religion and its moral implications that they have forgotten the lessons of Karbala and trivialise it. We now hear people wish each other “Happy Islamic New Year” on first Muharram as if it is Sunnat, even though for centuries, this time has been respected by all sects as the month of mourning and restraint. We now see people celebrating their marriages and even utilising 9th and 10th Muharram holidays for enjoyment instead of reflection. But this is not a subjective matter. It cannot be swept under the carpet and befuddled with the ‘free choice’ and ‘freedom of speech’ parrot cries. If you cannot determine good from evil than you lack empathy and not religion. Morality comes from the soul and only the soulless can be insensitive to evil. You don’t need religion to have morals. Religious affiliations can be subjective but morals are not. Mourning is a human condition and to deny it means denying ourselves of a basic human emotion. Iqbal said,
“Ronay wala hoon Shaheed-e-Kerbala key gham men main, Kya durey maqsad na dengey Saqiye Kausar mujhey” (I am one who weeps at the plight of the Martyr of Kerbala Won’t the reward be given to me by the Keeper of Kauser)
Just as doing a Nazi salute at Auschwitz or sitting on a hill and celebrating the bombing of helpless civilians in Gaza are incredibly insensitive and morally reprehensible acts, denying Karbala and being insensible to the tragedy is a sign of moral turpitude. Truth and justice are universal ideals and Karbala is a shining example of the soul of every religion. Praying five times a day in a certain direction or going to the temple or communion are religious practices and so followed by adherents of a certain faith. These practices are to lead us to a higher truth and Karbala is the manifestation of these truths, Imam Hussain (RA) the personification of timeless truths and values, and so is praised by atheists such as Bertrand Russell and believers alike. Nowadays, Imam Hussain (RA) is hailed by followers in Chicago, London, Sydney, Paris and Beirut. The message of Karbala reaches across to lovers of truth everywhere and serves to strengthen Islam as it has for eons. There have been killings and terrorist attacks but the processions continue, the mourners mourn and the eulogies sound out. Imam Hussain’s (RA) supreme sacrifice saved Islam then and it will for all time. As Maulana Mohammad Ali Jauhar wrote,
“Qatl-e-Hussain asl main marg-e-Yazid hai, Islam zindaa hota hai har Karbala ke baad” (In the murder of Hussain lies the death of Yazid, For Islam resurrects after every Karbala).

Here is why Paris is always a good idea

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Having lived in Paris (well, not in the heart of the city but in the suburbs) for over eight years, I can safely and confidently say that I know this city and its off shoots quite well. This is not exactly a tourist guide but my humble attempt to write a few lines about this city for those who are not in-the-know. I came here in 2007 when I hardly spoke more than a few basic lines in French. I had simply taken a crash course in French from Alliance Française, in London, before starting for France. I had been here as a tourist way back in 2001, only for three days but that’s hardly enough to get a feel of the place. [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="600"] The main entrance of the chateau of Parc de Thoiry. Photo: Supriya Arcot[/caption] To begin with, the French are not as implicit (to the extent of being ambiguous) as the English. They are quite open and explicit in their communication, much like South Asians. If they don’t like something, they say it bluntly, unlike the English who will raise perhaps one, and just one, eyebrow to show their displeasure. The French are fiercely possessive about their language. They don’t tolerate its slaughter and, unlike the English, will rush to correct you when they hear you struggling with it. Clumsy French is more welcome than perfect English here. The people are quite accessible otherwise, though they don’t go out of their way to befriend you or help you. Luckily, it took us a very short while to settle in, thanks to our neighbours and friends, because we managed to make some. Belongings Paris, even today, after the birth of newer and more enthralling countries  like Herzegovina (it’s the most exotic country name I could think of), tops in the number of tourists by a very big margin year after year. The Eiffel Tower and Nice (located down south and has a more Mediterranean climate) are popular destinations for marriages. [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="450"] A house in Les Marais. Photo: Supriya Arcot[/caption] If you are here as a tourist, then you’d be advised to be careful with your belongings. No place on Earth is immune to cheating and robbery, and Paris is no exception. Central Paris, especially its tourist spots, is filled with gypsies, illegal immigrants, beggars (yes, you read that right – they do exist in these parts of the world too) and street walkers, to use a polite term. They are ‘invisible’, meaning they don’t carry boards around their necks. It’s tough to identify them unless you are in-the-know. It will do a world of good for a traveller to carry his belongings safely. A good idea, which works for me, is to carry a smaller wallet with your ‘real’ essentials inside your coat and carry a bigger or eye catching bag, with expired credit cards and a few pennies, hanging on your shoulder. It’s normal and common to feel a happy lump in your throat when you hear your own vernacular or a familiar language like Tamil, Punjabi, Arabic or Bengali. One needs to be careful not to get too carried away in conversations with such ‘known’ folk. A stranger is a danger, regardless of what language he speaks. Public transport The city of Paris is well-knit by a network of metro lines, main lines, trams and buses. You are never more than 10 minutes away from the nearest public transport stop. It’s a city that never sleeps so the lines run very late into the night and start as early as 4am. The ‘innocent’ newcomer can be forgiven for believing that Paris is all, if not all then mostly, about sipping wine, nay and merlot from crystal glasses and viewing the Eiffel tower from his or her (hotel) room with a view. There are some pockets in the heart of the city which are best avoided after sunset. [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="600"] A train station in the city. Photo: Reuters[/caption] The ‘locals’ here are the avoidable types who are street smart and dangerous, each one more sinister than the other. Most of the women and men are dressed to the hilt with shiny gold earrings, bracelets, hair pieces, fake long hair, jazzy, shiny colourful satins and faux leather shoes, pants and jackets on any part of the day or year. They spell danger from far. I am sure most of them work hard for their money, whichever way you look at it, but it’s better to stay away from them as much as possible. They know the city and the metros like the back of their hands. They don’t belong to any particular race or creed .They come in all colours and sizes .They will not hesitate to pinch or punch their immediate neighbour in a crowded and packed compartment for the silliest reason. I can narrate many first-hand incidents of acid and knife attacks in broad daylight. Be prepared to hear innumerable languages and equally innumerable accents of any given language. Even after so many years in Paris, when I hear English in any accent I feel a nostalgic lump in my throat and I am reminded of the decade I spent in England. Eating out Paris is known for its cafes. Crêpes and galettes are the specialty here, along with their wine and cheese. The city never sleeps, I repeat. Even when travelling in the dead of the night, you can see people hanging out in pubs and bars having a ‘cuppa’, many by themselves – quietly contemplating. If you are lucky to get into a Michelin star restaurant, then the experience is worth it. In my entire life, I have lunched only once in such a restaurant. It was in L’Arpége run by Alain Passard and it was worth every cent the €600 the bill came to, for two people. He grows his own vegetables and is a specialist in vegetarian dishes, which is rare for the French. Even to this day, after so much publicity and awareness of vegetarianism, they look at you in shock when you say you are a pure vegetarian.

“What? Not even eggs? What do you do for proteins?” they ask.
I need to explain to them, with great patience, that there are over 2000 varieties of lentils which are a part of our daily diet. I am not advocating vegetarianism here; just making a point. [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="600"] Photo: Reuters[/caption] If you want authentic North Indian food then there are good restaurants like Ratn, Old Jawad and India, all in the heart of Paris. The bill should not come up to more than €300 for a family. Cheaper alternatives can be found in every nook and corner but then, it goes without saying, we need to compromise on the quality of the food too. There are a myriad of eateries to cater to the Mediterranean palate – the area of Le Marais being my favourite for pita hummus and falafel. I am yet to see a complete vegetarian joint in France. Even so-called salad bars come with the inherent understanding that they will carry at least raw fish. Crêperies, boulangeries, butcheries, fromageries and wine bars can be seen at the drop of a hat. No eyebrows are raised when a single female walks in any time of the day, lunch time or even tea time, and asks for a glass of wine. This, I suppose, happens only in Paris. The French include a lot of chocolates in their daily diet. Its iron rich, they say. I still wonder how these women maintain their slim waists. Many traditional families make wine and chocolates themselves at home, like South Asians make their own pickles and papars. In remote parts where there are no pizzerias or McDonald’s chains, the locals have their own mobile pizza service at public places like the village church or mayoral office. Many star chefs offer classes for short durations too. I was lucky to attend a dessert making class, for three hours, with Alain Ducasse. Agreed that each dish took more than a kilo of butter and concentrated cream, which is over fatty for my taste and waist, but at the end of it, it tasted good and was worth the fees of €300. After all, you don’t eat desserts daily, so if it’s once in a while then why not make it real by using real butter and cream and not their low calorie substitutes. Plus, all said and done, the real thing has more nutritional value. [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="600"] A cooking class in progress. Photo: Supriya Arcot[/caption] Family outings France is a very family-oriented country. During the two wars, with the men out to ‘work’, the women were left to fend for themselves. They started working and earning. The feminist movement had started. The women had tasted blood. They didn’t want to be tied down like their mums and grand-mums. They didn’t want to get married and have children. They had experienced ‘independence’. This led to a major drop in the population growth. To maintain the ratio and lure women back into the family fold, the government started offering a myriad of facilities like nanny services, work from home options, a substantial amount of money for each child born and the likes. So, the women could then work and also have a family at the same time. [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="600"] A view of the city from the basilique of Sacré Coeur, a 19th century church of sacred heart, just a couple of steps away from Piggale ( one of the ‘adult’ places in the heart of the city). Photo: Supriya Arcot[/caption] Paris carries several lucrative destinations for the entire family. Cité des enfants offers many science related attractions for children of all ages. Le Jardin d’Acclamatation is a 200-year-old park still maintained in its original design. Le Jardin du Luxemburg, a mere couple of steps away from Sorbonne University, is a magnet for children with activities like pony rides, puppetries, mini-boat races, drive-in zoos, cathedrals and not to mention castles, which are abound. They organise Easter egg hunts and other children’s activities and is a major attraction for the children during holiday seasons. Strawberries and lavender picking farms can be found in plenty if you are willing to drive a teeny weeny bit away from the actual city. They make good destinations for children’s parties. [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="600"] A drive-in animal zoo at Parc De Thoiry. Photo: Supriya Arcot[/caption] [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="600"] An egg hunt in progress in le chateau de Vaux Le Vicomte. Photo: Supriya Arcot[/caption] [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="600"] A peacock dancing inside a cage as birds and small animals (like mongoose) are kept inside the cages in all zoos. Photo: Supriya Arcot[/caption] The holocaust museum is another one of a kind – it should be ‘felt’ and not just ‘seen’. Go there only if you dare. Each time I visit it, I come back with an awkward lump in my throat. It’s right in the heart of Paris, in Le Marais, which is a very historic pocket of the city. Remember, I told you, this is not your routine travel guide, so I am not mentioning the obvious Eiffel Tower, The Louvre (which hosts the Mona Lisa), Disneyland or Sienne. Fashion No write-up on Paris is complete without at least a passing mention of the fashion. They don’t call Paris the fashion capital for nothing. People are very figure-and-fashion conscious. It’s rare to spot a fat and flabby figure, male or female, in this part of the world. I mean they do exist, but it’s rare. Everyone is neatly and immaculately dressed all the time. Rarely will you see a shabbily or carelessly dressed person (like the loosely called chaves in England) on the street. The main street of Paris, Champs-Élysées, is one nonstop fashion runway with grand shops on both sides, the Arc De Triomphe at one end and l’Arche de la Défense on the other. [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="600"] Photo: Reuters[/caption] With so many attractions to offer in the fields of fashion, cuisine, sightseeing, leisure, and religion, Audrey Hepburn was right when she said,
 “Paris is always a good idea.”

JUI-F chief visits Jim Morrison’s grave

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Paris: Chief of his own faction of Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam (JUI-F) Maulana Fazlur Rehman visited the grave of Jim Morrison at the Père Lachaise Cemetery here on Thursday. Fazl embarked on the spiritual journey to the City of Love after hearing about the scrumptious pork chops at Hard Rock Cafe Paris from his long-time peer, friend and chief of his own faction of Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam (JUI-S), Maulana Samiul Haq. Though Fazl thought Sami’s opinion of the chops was hyperbole, he did particularly enjoy the dry martinis the blonde bartender served him every seven minutes. When leaving, Fazl tipped the bartender generously and scribbled his hotel’s name with a $ sign at the back of the cheque, according to documents available with Khabaristan Times. Whether the bartender took up the offer could not be confirmed till this report was filed. After the modest two-hour meal at Hard Rock Cafe, Fazl said he felt even more in touch with his spiritual self.

“Keep your eyes on the road and your hands upon the wheel,” he told the cab driver before heading towards the destination that, unknown to him at the time, would change Fazl’s life forever. “There’s a killer on the road,” he added, just as an afterthought.
Fazl was reported to be swooning in uncontained ecstasy as soon he got to the cemetery’s entrance. Removing his turban as a sign of respect, he wept as the tears rolled down uncontrollably before they were hungrily absorbed by the dry, bushy beard which too seemed to have grown graver at this juncture.
“Words cannot describe what I feel. But if you have read the book, you will know this life and this world are only temporary,” the JUI-F chief had said in a barely audible voice.
Experts said the book he was alluding to is The Restaurant At The End of The Universe. According to members of his entourage, Fazl spent several hours at the grave of the enigmatic frontman of The Doors, kissing the tombstone and bawling hysterically.
“He is a changed man,” confirmed one insider who tagged along only after Fazl assured him of getting a hotel with Muslim showers. “I had to talk him out of getting the tattoo of Madonna removed from his left thigh. As believers, we must live with the choices we make. Unless of course, you are a woman; there are several treatments and medicines that restore their virginity,” he said in a brief chat over the telephone before disconnecting the line after letting out what was a combination of a grunt and a moan.
Fazl himself has only managed to utter a few incoherent phrases since visiting Morrison’s grave. There seems to be some alarm as to when Fazl will fully recover from this emotionally draining experience, but doctors are of the view that he will be able to speak clearly very soon.
“He is showing good signs of recovery. Ill health only afflicts unbelievers,” the family hakim told Khabaristan Times. “Not talking? I have made Nihari for my Fazloo today. It is so spicy, he will start screaming,” Fazl’s third and youngest wife Amina* said with a shy smile on her face that was hidden behind a veil.
When asked if she felt jealous of Fazl’s fascination with Morrison, Amina replied in the negative.
“Women of character are not so weak. ‘The time to hesitate is through, no time to wallow in the mire,’ is what my husband always says. As his baby, the least I can do is light his fire.”
*Name has been changed to protect the victim’s identity. The post originally appeared here.

Why #IAmNotCharlie

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There is no “but” about what happened at Charlie Hebdo on January 7, 2015. Some people published some cartoons, and some other people killed them for it. Words and pictures can be beautiful or vile, pleasing or enraging, inspiring or offensive; but they exist on a different plane from physical violence, whether you want to call that plane spirit or imagination or culture, and to meet them with violence is an offence against the spirit and imagination and culture that distinguish humans. Nothing mitigates this monstrosity. There will be time to analyse why the killers did it, time to parse their backgrounds, their ideologies, their beliefs, time for sociologists and psychologists to add to understanding. There will be explanations, and the explanations will be important, but explanations aren’t the same as excuses. Words don’t kill, they must not be met by killing, and they will not make the killers’ culpability go away. To abhor what was done to the victims, though, is not the same as to become them. This is true on the simplest level: I cannot occupy someone else’s selfhood, share someone else’s death. This is also true on a moral level: I cannot appropriate the dangers they faced or the suffering they underwent, I cannot colonise their experience, and it is arrogant to make out that I can. It wouldn’t be necessary to say this, except the flood of hashtags and avatars and social-media posturing proclaiming #JeSuisCharlie overwhelms distinctions and elides the point.

“We must all try to be Charlie, not just today but every day”, The New Yorker pontificates.
What the hell does that mean? In real life, solidarity takes many forms, almost all of them hard. This kind of low-cost, risk-free, E-Z solidarity is only possible in a social-media age, where you can strike a pose and somebody sees it on their timeline for 15 seconds and then they move on and it’s forgotten except for the feeling of accomplishment it gave you. Solidarity is hard because it isn’t about imaginary identifications, it’s about struggling across the canyon of not being someone else: it’s about recognising, for instance, that somebody died because they were different from you, in what they did or believed or wore, not because they were the same. If people who are feeling concrete loss or abstract shock or indignation take comfort in proclaiming a oneness that seems to fill the void, then it serves an emotional end. But these Cartesian credos on Facebook and Twitter — I am Charlie, therefore I am — shouldn’t be mistaken for political acts. [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="600"] Among the dead at Charlie Hebdo: Deputy chief editor Bernard Maris and cartoonists Georges Wolinski, Jean Cabut, Stephane Charbonnier, who was also editor-in-chief, and Bernard Verlhac[/caption] Erasing differences that actually exist seems to be the purpose here, and it’s perhaps appropriate to the Charlie cartoons, which drew their force from a considered contempt for people with the temerity to be different. For the last few days, everybody’s been quoting Voltaire. The same line is all over my several timelines: https://twitter.com/thereaIbanksy/status/552960897522479105/photo/1
“Those 21 words circling the globe speak louder than gunfire and represent every pen being wielded by an outstretched arm,” an Australian news site said (never mind that Voltaire never wrote them; one of his biographers did).
But most people who mouth them don’t mean them. Instead, they’re subtly altering the Voltairean clarion cry: the message today is,
‘I have to agree with what you say in order to defend it’.
Why else the insistence that condemning the killings isn’t enough? No: we all have to endorse the cartoons, and not just that, but republish them ourselves. Thus Index on Censorshipa journal that used to oppose censorship but now is in the business of telling people what they can and cannot say, called for all newspapers to reprint the drawings:
“We believe that only through solidarity – in showing that we truly defend all those who exercise their right to speak freely – can we defeat those who would use violence to silence free speech.”
But is repeating you the same as defending you? And is it really “solidarity” when, instead of engaging across our differences, I just mindlessly parrot what you say? But no, if you don’t copy the cartoons, you’re colluding with the killers, you’re a coward. Thus the right-wing Daily Caller posted a list of craven media minions of jihad who oppose free speech by not doing as they’re ordered. Punish these censors, till they say what we tell them to! https://twitter.com/DailyCaller/status/552995521829539842 If you don’t agree with what Charlie Hebdo said, the terrorists win. https://twitter.com/Yair_Rosenberg/status/552814280471367680 You’re not just kowtowing to terrorists with your silence. According to Tarek Fatah, a Canadian columnist with an evident fascist streak, silence is terrorism. Of course, any Muslim in the West would know that being called “our enemy” is a direct threat; you’ve drawn the go-to-GITMO card. But consider: this idiot thinks he is defending free speech. How? By telling people exactly what they have to say, and menacing the holdouts with treason. The Ministry of Truth has a new office in Toronto. There’s a perfectly good reason not to republish the cartoons that has nothing to do with cowardice or caution. I refuse to post them because I think they’re racist and offensive. I can support your right to publish something, and still condemn what you publish. I can defend what you say, and still say it’s wrong — isn’t that the point of the quote (that wasn’t) from Voltaire? I can hold that governments shouldn’t imprison Holocaust deniers, but that doesn’t oblige me to deny the Holocaust myself. It’s true, as Salman Rushdie says that,
“Nobody has the right to not be offended.”
You should not get to invoke the law to censor or shut down speech just because it insults you or strikes at your pet convictions. You certainly don’t get to kill because you heard something you don’t like. Yet, manhandled by these moments of mass outrage, this truism also morphs into a different kind of claim – that nobody has the right to be offended at all. I am offended when those already oppressed in a society are deliberately insulted. I don’t want to participate. This crime in Paris does not suspend my political or ethical judgment, or persuade me that scatologically smearing a marginal minority’s identity and beliefs is a reasonable thing to do. Yet this means rejecting the only authorised reaction to the atrocity. Oddly, this peer pressure seems to gear up exclusively where Islam’s involved. When a racist bombed a chapter of a US civil rights organisation this week, the media didn’t insist I give to the NAACP in solidarity. When a rabid Islamophobic rightist killed 93 Norwegians in 2011, most of them at a political party’s youth camp, I didn’t notice many #IAmNorway hashtags, or impassioned calls to join the Norwegian Labour Party. But since Islam is there for us, it unites us against Islam. Only cowards or traitors turn down membership in the Charlie club. The demand to join, endorse and agree is all about crowding us into a herd where no one is permitted to cavil or condemn: an indifferent mob, where differing from one another is Thoughtcrime, while indifference to the pain of others beyond the pale is compulsory. We’ve heard a lot about satire in the last couple of days. We’ve heard that satire shouldn’t cause offence because it’s a weapon of the weak:
“Satire-writers always point out the foibles and fables of those higher up the food chain.”
And we’ve heard that if the satire aims at everybody, those forays into racism, Islamophobia and anti-Semitism can be excused away. Charlie Hebdo “has been a continual celebration of the freedom to make fun of everyone and everything… it practiced a freewheeling, dyspeptic satire without clear ideological lines.” Of course, satire that attacks any and all targets is by definition not just targeting the top of the food chain.
“The law, in its majestic equality, forbids the rich as well as the poor to sleep under bridges,” Anatole France wrote.
Satire that wounds both the powerful and the weak does so with different effect. Saying the president of the republic is a randy satyr is not the same as accusing nameless Muslim immigrants of bestiality. What merely annoys the one may deepen the other’s systematic oppression. To defend satire because it’s indiscriminate is to admit that it discriminates against the defenceless. Kierkegaard, the greatest satirist of his century, famously recounted his dream:
“I was rapt into the Seventh Heaven. There sat all the gods assembled.”
They granted him one wish:
“Most honourable contemporaries, I choose one thing — that I may always have the laughter on my side.”
Kierkegaard knew what he meant: Children used to laugh and throw stones at him on Copenhagen streets, for his gangling gait and monkey torso. His table-turning fantasy is the truth about satire. It’s an exercise in power. It claims superiority, it aspires to win, and hence it always looms over the weak, in judgment. If it attacks the powerful, that’s because there is appetite underneath its asperity: it wants what they have. As Adorno wrote:
“He who has laughter on his side has no need of proof. Historically, therefore, satire has for thousands of years, up to Voltaire’s age, preferred to side with the stronger party which could be relied on: with authority.”
Irony, he added,
“Never entirely divested itself of its authoritarian inheritance, its unrebellious malice”.
Satire allies with the self-evident, the Idées reçues, the armoury of the strong. It puts itself on the team of the juggernaut future against the endangered past, the successful opinion over the superseded one. Satire has always fed on distaste for minorities, marginal peoples, traditional or fading ways of life. Adorno said:
“All satire is blind to the forces liberated by decay.”
Charlie Hebdo, The New Yorker now claims, “followed in the tradition of Voltaire”. Voltaire stands as the god of satire; any godless Frenchman with a bon mot is measured against him. Everyone remembers his diatribes against the power of the Catholic Church: Écrasez l’InfâmeBut what’s often conveniently omitted amid the adulation of his wit is how Voltaire loathed a powerless religion, the outsiders of his own era, the “medieval,” “barbaric” immigrant minority that afflicted Europe: the Jews. Voltaire’s anti-Semitism was comprehensive. In its contempt for the putatively “primitive”, it anticipates much that is said about Muslims in Europe and the US today.
“The Jews never were natural philosophers, nor geometricians, nor astronomers,” Voltaire declared.
That would do, head Islamophobe, Richard Dawkins proud: https://twitter.com/richarddawkins/status/365473573768400896 The Jews, Voltaire wrote, are,
“Only an ignorant and barbarous people, who have long united the most sordid avarice with the most detestable superstition and the most invincible hatred for every people by whom they are tolerated and enriched.”
When some American right-wing yahoo calls Muslims “goatf*****rs,” you might think he’s reciting old Appalachian invective. In fact, he’s repeating Voltaire’s jokes about the Jews.
“You assert that your mothers had no commerce with he-goats, nor your fathers with she-goats”, Voltaire demanded of them. “But pray, gentlemen, why are you the only people upon earth whose laws have forbidden such commerce? Would any legislator ever have thought of promulgating this extraordinary law if the offence had not been common?”
Nobody wishes Voltaire had been killed for his slanders. If some indignant Jew or Muslim (he didn’t care for the “Mohammedans” much either) had murdered him mid-career, the whole world would lament the abomination. In his most Judeophobic passages, I can take pleasure in his scalpel phrasing — though even 250 years after, some might find this hard. Still, liking the style doesn’t mean I swallow the message. #JeSuisPasVoltaire. Most of the man’s admirers avoid or veil his anti-Semitism. They know that while his contempt amuses when directed at the potent and impervious Pope, it turns dark and sour when defaming a weak and despised community. Satire can sometimes liberate us, but it is not immune from our prejudices or untainted by our hatred. It shouldn’t douse our critical capacities; calling something “satire” doesn’t exempt it from judgment. The superiority the satirist claims over the helpless can be both smug and sinister. Last year a former Charlie Hebdo writer, accusing the editors of indulging racism, warned that,
“The conviction of being a superior being, empowered to look down on ordinary mortals from on high, is the surest way to sabotage your own intellectual defences.”
Of course, Voltaire didn’t realise that his Jewish victims were weak or powerless. Already, in the 18th century, he saw them as tentacles of a financial conspiracy; his propensity for overspending and getting hopelessly in debt to Jewish moneylenders did a great deal to shape his anti-Semitism. In the same way, Charlie Hebdo and its like never treated Muslim immigrants as individuals, but as agents of some larger force. They weren’t strivers doing the best they could in an unfriendly country, but shorthand for mass religious ignorance, or tribal terrorist fanaticism, or obscene oil wealth. Satire subsumes the human person in an inhuman generalisation. The Muslim isn’t just a Muslim, but a symbol of Islam. This is where political Islamists and Islamophobes unite. They cling to agglutinative ideologies; they melt people into a mass; they erase individuals’ attributes and aspirations under a totalising vision of what identity means. A Muslim is his religion. You can hold every Muslim responsible for what any Muslim does. (And one Danish cartoonist makes all Danes guilty.) So all Muslims have to post #JeSuisCharlie obsessively as penance, or apologise for what all the other billion are up to. Yesterday Aamer Rahman, an Australian comic and social critic, tweeted: https://twitter.com/aamer_rahman/status/553008734293610497 A few hours later he had to add: https://twitter.com/aamer_rahman/status/553113080784097280 This insistence on contagious responsibility, collective guilt, is the flip side of #JeSuisCharlie. It’s #VousÊtesISIS; #VousÊtesAlQaeda. (VousÊtes=YouAre) Our solidarity, our ability to melt into a warm mindless oneness and feel we’re doing something, is contingent on your involuntary solidarity; you’re losing who you claim to be in a menacing mass. We can’t stand together here unless we imagine you together over there in enmity. The antagonists are fake but they’re entangled, inevitable. The language hardens.
Geert Wilders, the racist right-wing leader in the Netherlands, said the shootings mean it’s time to “de-Islamise our country”. Nigel Farage, his counterpart in the UK, called Muslims a “fifth column, holding our passports, that hate us”. Juan Cole writes that the Charlie Hebdo attack was “a strategic strike, aiming at polarising the French and European public” — at “sharpening the contradictions”.
The knives are sharpening too, on both sides. We lose our ability to imagine political solutions when we stop thinking critically, when we let emotional identifications sweep us into factitious substitutes for solidarity and action. We lose our ability to respond to atrocity when we start seeing people not as individuals, but as symbols. Changing avatars on social media is a pathetic distraction from changing realities in society. To combat violence you must look unflinchingly at the concrete inequities and practices that breed it. You won’t stop it with acts of self-styled courage on your computer screen that neither risk nor alter anything. To protect expression that’s endangered, you have to engage with the substance of what was said, not deny it. That means attempting dialogue with those who peacefully condemn or disagree, not trying to shame them into silence. Nothing is quick, nothing is easy. No solidarity is secure. I support free speech. I oppose all censors. I abhor the killingsI mourn the dead. I am not Charlie. This post originally appeared here.

Wanderlust

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I want to do more with my life Than just be a Pakistani girl, a wife, a mother, I want to take two years off, And backpack through Europe!   I want to watch the sun set over Paris from the Eiffel Tower, I want to walk on the streets of Venice, I want to get lost on the tube in London, I want to swim in the waters of Greece, I want to be mesmerised by the northern lights in Iceland, I want to go cycling in Holland, I want to walk through the Black forest during autumn in Germany, I want to follow the Sound of Music in Austria, I want to stand at the top of Europe in Switzerland, I want to tiptoe through the tulips in Amsterdam, I want to tour the highlands of Scotland, I want to explore the wonders of ancient empires in Athens,   But you’re Pakistani, there’s no way you’d get the visa! But you’re a girl, you can’t go alone! But what will people say? But you’ll be wasting your life! But money doesn’t go on trees, we earn in rupees, not pounds! But you’ll be too old for a good rishta by the time you return!   But there’s no place for wanderlust, When you are who you are, When you come from where you do, When being a Pakistani, and a girl, moreover, Defines your entire existence, your decisions, And, unfortunately, your dreams


Memories of Shikarpur, the Paris of Sindh

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The news of a bomb-blast at an imambargah in Shikarpur rocked the nation on Friday. But the attack was particularly shocking for my family. They remember a different Shikarpur – a land of peace, tolerance and Sufism, a land once called the ‘Paris of Sindh’. Many a wars have been fought by people coveting dominion over the emerald city. In the Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal in 1841, Lieut. Postans describes Shikarpur as,

“The most important town in the country of Sindh in point of trade, population and influence”.
My father was born in Shikarpur, my grandfather was born in Shikarpur, as was his father and beyond; “We are the Shaikhs of Shikarpur, the sons of this soil” as my father would say. But he grew up in a different Shikarpur; a Shikarpur were people of different religious beliefs, social standing and cultural values could meet every evening in the same autaaq (courtyard) to break bread together. This city district was famous for its kufli falooda, achar (pickles) and mithai – not acts of extremist violence. Even in the land of the Sufis, Shikarpur was particularly home to a vibrant, tolerant community. Many notable Shia families and scholars belong to Shikarpur; some caretakers of the Karbala imambargah also called Shikarpur ‘home’. Let alone different sects of Muslims, Hindus and Muslims have lived peacefully in Shikarpur for centuries. Growing up in Shikarpur, my sister remembers that her favourite shop, Deewan Sweets, was owned and operated by Hindus. She was ecstatic when Sunshine Sweets opened its doors on Tariq Road near our house after our family moved to Karachi. The owners of Sunshine Sweets belonged to the same extended Hindu family. As a child, whenever I visited the city of my forefathers, I never felt a hint of communal tension. While my parents would not let me move freely in Karachi, in Shikarpur I was free to roam the streets. I could go to the sweet vendors or the videogame shops without any adult supervision. Back then, there was no suggestion that this community would also fall victim to the cancer of extremism that plagues Pakistan a couple of decades later. The fall of Shikarpur’s status is symbolic of the general lowering of the standards throughout the country. A prominent city famous for its infrastructure has been allowed to fall into decay, and oblivion. When my father was young, he remarks, people would come to Shikarpur for education.
“The Government Qazi Habibullah High School was a centre of high quality education in the entire province” he says proudly.
Post-partition, a lot of migrants settled in Shikarpur due to its high level of education and economic opportunities. The location of Shikarpur in Upper Sindh, and closeness to the Bolan Pass, meant it was a hub of trade. The region dominated the trade between Central Asia and Northern India through Afghanistan. Shikarpur traders constantly visiting Central Asia meant there was a constant exchange of ideas from Central Asia to Shikarpur. The Bukhara province in present-day Uzbekistan had a particularly large Shikarpuri community settled there. Contrary to our current labelling of the region as ‘rural’, this was not always the destiny of this great city. After partition, Shikarpur had the third best rural to urban ratio in Sindh, only behind Karachi and Mirpur Khass, according to the statistical data calculated by Iqtidar H Zaidi in 1955. In 2005, Haroon Jamal found 43.87% of the population in Shikarpur to be living below the poverty line. When we talk about the broken dream of Pakistan, we are talking about the lives of people in these communities who got dragged below the poverty lines. Fertile lands with vibrant communities reduced to wastelands bereft of economic opportunities; cities stripped of their prominence, and allure. Shikarpur has a history of being a prominent city in the region. During the Kalhora Rule in the 18th century, Shikarpur was one of the financial capitals of Central Asia. It remained a centre for culture, trade and literature till the partition. It was referred to as the “financial and commercial centre of Sindh” during the British era. Sir Ghulam Hussain Hidayatullah, who formed the first autonomous government in Sindh in 1937, was born in Shikarpur. He later became the first governor of Sindh post-partition. His tenure as chief minister of Sindh from April 28, 1937 to March 23, 1938 followed by the tenure of Allah Bux Sumro, also born in Shikarpur, from March 23 1938 to April 18, 1940, are famous for the Manzilgah controversy. Hamida Khuhro outlines the role of both the leaders in the controversy in her article Masjid Manzilgah, Test case for Hindu-Muslim Relations in Sindh. The Masjid Manzilgah referred to two domed buildings on the banks of the Indus near Sukkur. The buildings were used by the Muslims of Sindh as a mosque but were incorporated into the British agency after the British conquest of Sindh. During the early 20th century, there was mass agitation by Muslims to force the British to hand over the property back. The twist in the story was that Hindus were against this demand since the buildings were situated directly opposite the river island of Sadh Belo. The temples at Sadh Belo were a favourite site of pilgrimage for the local Hindus. This situation gave the Muslim League their first chance at spearheading a mass movement in a Muslim-majority province. All the elements of a potential communal riot were present – two agitated religious communities claiming a historic right to the use of the land earmarked as holy by both communities. There were cases of outbreaks and lawlessness, there was a strike that lasted 15 days but before massacres could break out, the leaders on both sides realised they preferred peaceful co-existence. Both communities were able to come together and form an agreement for the use of property. The most perilous possibility of communal riots in Sindh was prevented through negotiation. The Muslims were allowed to pray at the mosque and the Hindus were allowed to play music at their temples. How did we come from a temple and a mosque operating next to each other to explosives being set off in mosques belonging to a different sect? Where are the communities that our forefathers remember? And where are the lands we find in our history books? It is particularly disappointing to see how subsequent governments have let the two most important elements of the city decay – education and infrastructure. Karachi is inundated with urban migration because the lack of foresight by the government to create more urban centres in Sindh. In the case of Shikarpur, it was merely a case of maintaining an urban centre but we have failed to do even that. The government of Sindh expressed its helplessness at the poor quality of hospitals in the region.
“You cannot expect us to work miracles; there is no adequate healthcare in rural Sindh. It is what it is,” seemed to be the party line taken by Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP).
A cursory look through history books will show us why the situation is not as helpless as advertised. A British medical journal from 1985 admires the level of healthcare provided at the Civil Hospital of Shikarpur. Surgeon Major AF Ferguson writes how a young Muslim woman was treated with “fat embolism following free incision of the female breast for diffuse suppuration”. The woman did not survive but the hospital was equipped to provide all the health services. A thorough post-mortem was also conducted with her organs diagnosed fit for further medical research. In 1911 a special hospital was built in Shikarpur by a Hindu philanthropist. The British Medical Journal of 1965 notes how Sir Henry Holland performed numerous operations for cataract at the hospital and visitors from all over the world came to the hospital. We are fed a very clear narrative of Pakistan being denied its right to resources at partition and a constant struggle since then to catch up to its more powerful neighbour but this narrative of ‘helplessness’ painted by our governments whitewashes their ineptitude. Shikarpur is only one of the many examples of how a once bustling urban centre has deteriorated into complete economic isolation. Economics and extremism are closely connected; people who have little to lose are keener to blow themselves up for a few thousand rupees. We stress a lot on the ‘religious’ elements of terrorism but little on its economic aspects. Almost exclusively, extremist militant organisations are only able to seize control over lands which are in economic decay. These organisations may be funded by rich ideologues but the foot soldiers are inevitably of a much lower social class. While discussing the role of religion in promoting extremist terrorism, we must not lose sight of how poor governance in the past 68 years has shattered the dreams of Pakistan for many communities. The world is looking forward to their future whereas people in Pakistan are longing for a Pakistan from a century ago. Somewhere along the way, we must have taken a few wrong turns to end up here. Today, the only thing Shikarpur has in common with Paris is that both the cities were marred by extremist violence in the past month. #JeSuisShikarpur

10 great foreign language films that we should all watch

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While all of us have seen classic Hollywood, Bollywood and Lollywood blockbusters, many of us are unaware of a lot of amazing movies that have been directed by foreign film industries which are equally worthy of our attention. Therefore, I have come up with a list of 10 such foreign movies which I believe everyone should watch in order to appreciate cinematic finesse and art of other regions as well. Seven Samurai – Japan, 1954 [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="532"] Photo: IMDb[/caption] Akira Kurosawa is an auteur in the broadest sense. His work has influenced many people including the likes of Francis Ford Coppola, George Lucas and Martin Scorsese. In fact, Lucas has gone as far as to say that Kurosawa’s Hidden Fortress was his main source of inspiration for Star Wars. Seven Samurai is the embodiment of everything Kurosawa has been working on throughout his career, a film that combines the best elements of the samurai and western genres to make a stunning film that is epic in scale and ambition. The trailer for this movie can be seen here.  Life is Beautiful – Italy, 1997 [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="334"] Photo: IMDb[/caption] A film that is likely to make you laugh and cry at the same sitting, Life is Beautiful stays true to its title and gives you a truly beautiful film. Set in Italy during the World War II, the film follows the story of a Jewish man who tries his best to protect and sustain his son with the help of humour, after his family is taken to a Nazi concentration camp. Written, directed and starred by Roberto Benigni, who gives a masterful and convincing performance, Life is Beautiful is one of the most poignant films ever made as well as one of the best war movies. Its trailer can be seen here. A Separation – Iran, 2011 [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="475"] Photo: IMDb[/caption] Iranian cinema has produced some great films such as Ten, Taste of Cherry, and Children of Heaven, but nothing quite like A Separation. An excellent, suspense-filled Hitchcockian drama, this movie is impeccably well-crafted and actors have put forth a superb performance. A Separation is the personification of Iranian cinema and represents how a wonderful and complex screenplay can guide a film. [embed width="620"]https://vimeo.com/40670982[/embed] Oldboy – South Korea, 2004 [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="450"] Photo: IMDb[/caption] Very rarely does one see a film that operates on the same level as Oldboy. Brutal, violent, and shocking are just some of its qualities, and that is why Oldboy is one of the greatest revenge thrillers you are ever likely to see. The film has all the marquee violence synonymous to Asian cinema as well as a fantastic story. Chan-wook Park’s taut direction is instrumental in making this film great but this is a movie that thrives mainly on its wonderfully dark screenplay that keeps the audience interested at every turn. [embed width="620"]http://www.dailymotion.com/video/x15h3v_trailer-old-boy_shortfilms[/embed] Amores Perros – Mexico, 2000 [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="336"] Photo: IMDb[/caption] Before Alejandro Gonzalez’s Inarritu made it big in Hollywood with the likes of 21 Grams, Babel, and the most recent, Birdman, he directed Amores Perros, a film about a horrific car crash that interconnects three stories, each involving characters dealing with loss, regret and life’s harsh realities in Mexico City. Amores Perros is all in all an extremely intense and gritty film that provided us with the very first glimpses of Alejandro’s true talent and can probably be credited for launching his career. The trailer can be seen here. Bicycle Thief – Italy, 1948 [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="487"] Photo: IMDb[/caption] One of the greatest films of the neo-realist Italian era, Bicycle Thief has a simple plot yet it offers a fantastic cinematic experience. Set in Italy during the era of Post World War II, when the nation was in economic shambles, Bicycle Thief tells the story of a man and his son as they search for a stolen bicycle vital to their job. Bicycle Thieves is, without a doubt, one of the most powerful and moving films ever made and one of the high points in Italian cinema. Its trailer can be checked out here. City of God – Brazil, 2002 [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="400"] Photo: IMDb[/caption] City of God allows an unflinching look into the street life of Rio de Janeiro and the crime and poverty persistent over there. It focuses on how these aspects affect the lives of two young boys over a course of three decades. City of God’s biggest draw is the visceral nature of the film, its mix of wonderful storytelling and disturbing scenes that make the movie extremely compelling. [embed width="620"]http://www.dailymotion.com/video/xnd2z5_city-of-god-2002-official-trailer-hd_shortfilms[/embed] Downfall – Germany, 2004 [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="475"] Photo: IMDb[/caption] Downfall serves as a biopic to one of the most famous and controversial personalities in the history of the world, Adolf Hitler. The film offers a fascinating look into the last days of Hitler’s life as told by his secretary, Traudl Junge. It features a towering performance from Bruno Ganz as Hitler, who captures both the humane and inhumane sides of the Fuhrer perfectly. [embed width="620"]http://www.dailymotion.com/video/xqrs24_downfall_shortfilms[/embed] Hate – France, 1996 [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="354"] Photo: IMDb[/caption] An intimately persevering film about street life and racism in France, Hate is the story of three young men, an Arab, an African and a Jew, who spend an aimless day in a Paris suburb, as social turmoil swirls around them. How they eventually face confrontation with the police is the climax of the film. Trailer for the movie can be seen here.  8 1/2 – Italy, 1963 [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="507"] Photo: IMDb[/caption] Federico Fellini is regarded as one the greatest auteurs of world cinema. He was behind some of the most beautiful and original films ever made, such as La Strada and La Dolce Vita. However, 8 ½, is his crowning achievement. A film that served as an autobiographical account of the legendary film director, 8 ½ is a beautiful, complex, and meticulously constructed film and one of the greatest movies to emerge from Italian cinema. Trailer for the movie can be seen here. Art can be found in the most unconventional of places. It is always great to explore new industries and appreciate movies that are not part of the mainstream.


Everything I hate about the Pakistani fashion industry

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If you are a young struggling female journalist in Pakistan with big dreams of reporting stories that matter, you will probably spend a few years reporting all the stories that don’t matter! Among all those literary masterpieces you pen will be an array of pieces on:

  • Designers who have made it big
  • Designers who have not made it big but have a great PR agency
  • The 4363778 lawn launches
  • Fashion “weeks” that are three-days long
You will get to meet loads of glazed out designers and hear them talk about a lawn jora like it’s the cure for cancer. You’ll learn to thoosofy the words “sartorial”, “quirky”, “edgy” and “aesthetic” in every headline. For instance:
“Designer (insert Bawani, Hashwani, Lakhwani, Lakhani, Dewani) sartorial splendour displays a unique aesthetic.”
Don’t worry if you have seen said ‘aesthetic’ at Ashiana, Gulf, Tariq Road, and even on runways in Paris and New York. You don’t want to be kicked out from the fashion weeks and have nothing to report on, do you? So here is a list of things I learnt and grew to hate from my time reporting on fashion in Pakistan: 1. The blow-dry begums and golden gurriyas Making your hair fancy in Pakistan means one thing – burn/bleach your hair with peroxide and then stiffen it further with an over-the-top Bridget Bardot-curly blow-dry. It’s the ultimate go-to hairstyle for celebs and socialites. You’ll hardly ever see a successful, “fashionable” Pakistani woman at an event sporting a messy bun, a pixie, a Mohawk or maybe even a hat. [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="600"] Photo: Saba Khalid[/caption] Need help replicating the look; refer to Good Times and Sunday Times galleries for inspiration. Add fake or real LV bag to complete look. Botox on your face is hazb-zaiqa! 2. The conventional (read: boring) models I don’t encourage underage anorexic models and it’s completely okay if majority of Pakistani female models are old enough to have grandkids who can model themselves for teen brands. They can slowly sashay on the runway with a walking stick for all I care. They can wear flats if it helps their arthritis, it doesn’t matter to me! What really bothers me is the fact that they’re so darn catalogue-y and conventional looking. Internationally, you’ve got diverse and striking models with rare skin conditions, plus-sized models, petite models, models with prosthetic legs, transgender models, full-body tattooed models, Albino models. But a dark-skinned model is the ‘edgiest’ a model can be in Pakistan. [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="600"] Photo: Saba Khalid[/caption] 3. The trashy ill-fitting western wear attempts Pakistani designers, let’s admit something. You can’t do western wear. So that little black dress you made with jamawar looks like the model is wearing her nani’s tikozi. So please, put your scissors away because that chunri jumpsuit looks like rainbow barf. You’re good at eastern wear, embrace your niche and stick to it. [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="600"] Photo: Saba Khalid[/caption] And socialites please accept something. All the western wear you wear from Pakistani designers fits badly and looks ugly. If you really want to farangi it out, get your western attire from abroad or stick to the ikka dukka high street international brands available locally. 4. Feminine clothing for men Yes, we know you designers want to be avant garde and all that jazz! And it’s hard to be that way with the eastern silhouette for men. But it’s unfair to send a male model down the runway with a tika, gharara and dupatta. It’s wrong and evil! And because of you, the model’s parents pretend they don’t know him in public or on Facebook. [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="600"] Photo: Saba Khalid[/caption] 5. How un-fashionable the fashion journalists are So many people with no fashion background or good taste are reporting on fashion that it baffles me. The list includes me! It baffles me even more how easily fashion journalists are bought! Send a girl a free bag and she’ll write an erotic 50 shades series on your label. FYI, this pointer should serve as a reminder to NEFER and Rema, still waiting on those bags ladies! [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="600"] Photo: Saba Khalid[/caption] 6. The pretend friendships and the cattiness This incident is all too common. A designer in the audience gives a standing ovation for a collection and claps as the bashful designer walks at the end of the show. The lights dim and that same appreciative designer turns to his fashion journalist friend and says:
“Tobah, kitni bakwaas line thee!” “Good heavens, what a terrible collection that was!”
The fashion-challenged journalist (who is wearing his friend’s design to the event) quickly jots down the comment and trashes that line the next day in her piece. [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="581"] Photo: Saba Khalid[/caption] 7. The mafia It kills me to know that the fashion mafia in Pakistan is so strong that new designers or artists can’t really shine through. Brands tend to work with certain PR companies and these agencies promote certain designers, makeup artists, hairstylists. And these creatives only go on to work with certain models only. The result of all this mafia business is we only see clones of golden gurriyas, stale fashion and boring models on the runway and red carpet. [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="600"] Photo: Saba Khalid[/caption] Just like the politics, politicians and the corrupt system of the country, the fashion industry needs an overhaul. Just because your husband or father has the money to buy you a lawn mill and your designer wardrobe, doesn’t make you a designer. And we shouldn’t be swayed to wear whatever atrocities these designers put out as “fashion”. Sometimes a vintage outfit created from pieces picked out from Sunday Bazaar can be more avant garde and creative than some of the stuff these designers put out. Let’s bring in unconventional looking models, change our limited definition of beauty and support those young struggling designers/artists who can’t catch a break because of the mafia or don’t have daddies and hubbies to support their shauq.

Complete your Eid Feast with a Shahi Zafran sherbet, Kebab-e-Dayg and a Date Cake!

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In my ancestral home in Lahore, on Eidul Fitr, our table is adorned with Bohemian crystal bowls filled with fruit or chickpea chaat and mithai in kitsch colours, laid out on silver platters. But as in many homes across Pakistan, it is the vermicelli pudding,the seviyan, which is the pièce de résistance on the table. This Eid, why not add other items to your menu for the feast? Present your guests with a saffron-imbued cold drink – Shahi Zafran ka sherbet  upon their arrival. The dollop of fresh cream on top with pistachio dust is a lovely way to do something a little extra special on Eid. After your guests have eaten and enjoyed a few spoonful’s of seviyan (which is a rite of passage on Eid), there is always room for more dessert when the tea trolley comes around. Make a gorgeous date cake for your guests, and serve it alongside a cup of cardamom-fragranced green tea. In my ancestral home, green tea was always served in my paternal grandmother’s red Russian Gardner cups, which her mother-in-law brought back from Afghanistan in the late 1800s. And for those guests who will be coming for lunch or dinner, prepare some Kebab-e-dayg – tender kebabs prepared on a slow flame, in a spicy tomato base, which pairs beautifully with some basmati rice and a kachumbar (salad). And for dessert, enjoy some goeey Date Cake! Yassi sits on her stool in the kitchen, kneading the glossy détrempe for la pâte feuilletée (puff pastry). There is no beurre sec, but Lurpak will do. Her silver and black hair is in short waves and immaculate as always; her pastel kurta is starched. Yassi’s slender, milky fingers are bare as they push the dough back and forth, like a potter with her clay. Her mother’s vintage ring bearing three overlapping leaves in rose, yellow and white gold removed and placed in the porcelain Wedgewood jewellery jar given to her by her daughter-in-law. She looks at the granite counter,

“It would be lovely to have a cup of champagne resting there for small sips while the dough rests,” she thinks.
But she is no longer in her Paris kitchen, she is in Karachi. Champagne is now reserved only for special occasions. To her daughter-in-law who visits once a year, every day is a special day in Yassi’s home. Yassi serves her daughter-in-law a date cake between meals. “Oh, you’re on holiday, you must enjoy it,” she tells her, while dropping thick, heavy spoonful’s of double cream on a slice of the cake in her daughter-in-law’s plate. A recipe passed down to Yassi by her own mother, a recipe older than her marriage; even older than her son. A dense, dark, earthy cake moistened with the gooeyness of dates, almost like a steamed pudding. As I said, every day is a special day in Yassi’s home. You can have that cake, and eat it, too. For a gluten-free version, you can use a combination of gluten-free ‘flours’, for the recipe, please refer to the Gluten-Free Goddess’ website here. You will need a 10-inch (25 centimetres) spring form pan and some parchment paper. (If you use a pan with a smaller diameter, the cake may remain raw from the middle and cooked from the sides, so please do use a 10-inch pan). Ingredients: Plump dates with seed – 250 grams (If using stoned dates, you’ll have to adjust/decrease the amount) Boiling water –250 ml Baking soda – 1 tsp Unsalted butter –100 grams (brought to room temperature) Granulated sugar –180 grams Eggs – 2 Flour – 150 grams Baking powder – 2 tsp Method: 1. Preheat your oven to 175C / 350F. 2. Place parchment paper on top of the spring form pan base and trace a circle. Line pan with parchment circle and butter and flour the sides. 3. Deseed your dates by gently tearing them open from top to bottom. 4. Chop dates fine. 5. Bring 250 millilitre of water to a boil (I boil it in my kettle and then measure out 250 millilitres to be exact). 4. Pour into saucepan, when water starts to boil, add baking soda (it will froth). 5. Add chopped dates and stir the mixture for two to three minutes. 6. The date mixture should be on the thick side, not watery. 7. Take off the stove and allow to cool for at least 15 minutes. 8. Now prepare the batter. Whip butter with sugar till light and fluffy. 9. Add eggs slowly; they may curdle at first but keep whipping; the mixture will come together and become smooth. 10. Slowly fold in flour and baking powder and keep whipping/mixing. 11. Add in date mixture, with a spoon/spatula and gently stir. 12. Batter will seem slightly thin, but since we’re using a pan with a wide base, don’t worry, the cake will cook through. Remember, this is a moist, pudding-like cake. 13. Pour into spring form pan. 14. Bake for 35 minutes, test to see if the toothpick comes out clean after 30 minutes. I like this cake moist and goeey, please don’t over bake it. Allow cake to rest half an hour before taking out of from pan, or serve by the spoonful’s immediately, like a soft pudding, with double, triple or clotted cream on top. Wishing everyone a lovely Eid with your loved ones. This post originally appeared here. All photos: Shayma Saadat This was Part 3 of our delicious three part Eid Feast Recipe. Part 1 (Shahi Zafran ka sherbet) and Part 2 (Kebab-e-Dayg) can be viewed respectively. Enjoy!

What they didn’t tell you about Pakistan: Seven common myths dispelled

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Pakistan may be one of the most misunderstood countries around and it is certainly easy to see why when you hit the layman’s ceiling of knowledge in about 10 seconds. What most people don’t see is what lies beyond the media coverage, highlighting just the challenges the country is facing today. There is a lot more to Pakistan than what meets the eye, so prepare for some enlightenment and let’s go bust some myths. 1. Pakistan is no place for women [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="570"] A young girl from Kailash in native dress. Photo: Asfandi Yar.[/caption] Contrary to the stereotype, not all Pakistani women sit at home with a fan in their hand, waiting for their husbands to return from work. One of them has actually been to the North and South Pole and also skydived over Mount Everest for good measure. Pakistan is now producing female commandos who are taking on the likes of the Taliban. Pakistan has also produced the world’s youngest female Microsoft Certified Professional (honoured by Bill Gates) and also women who have won Oscars, a Nobel Prize and international sports awards among numerous others. Pakistan has more female representation in their National Assembly compared to many of its more developed continental neighbours, reflecting the constitutional importance given to the inclusion of women. How many countries have had a female prime minister, foreign minister, US ambassador and speaker of Assembly? Pakistan has. 2. Pakistan is no place for sport [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="570"] Polo Tournament, Shandur. Photo: Asfandi Yar.[/caption] Pakistan has produced some of the best squash, hockey, and cricket players in the world. In the last year alone, Pakistan won gold, silver and bronze positions in international cricket, hockey, snooker, tennis, and bodybuilding championships, including its female teams. It also won bronze in Street Children’s Football World Cup and a Pakistani marathon runner made five new Guinness World Records. Here’s one for the pub quiz, the Brazuca football from the World Cup, was actually made in Pakistan. Again, this was all just in 2014. 3. Pakistan is no place for creativity [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="570"] Artist Ali Zafar with young cricket fans. Photo: Yasir Nisar Photography.[/caption] Well, where do we start? Just to name a few achievements from 2014 alone, a Pakistani costume designer and an animator won Oscars for their work in Disney blockbusters. A female film maker and former Oscar documentary winner also bagged an Emmy award. Pakistan won talent and peace awards in Europe. Its musicians performed at the Nobel Prize ceremony. Pakistanis won several international citizenship and innovation awards. 4. Pakistan is no place for a holiday [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="570"] Shandur. Photo: Asfandi Yar.[/caption] [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="404"] Sajji Kot, Abbotabad. Photo: Ahmad Waqas Photography.[/caption] Former Telegraph Political Commentator, Peter Oborne, thinks otherwise,

“I had been dispatched to write a report reflecting the common perception that Pakistan is one of the most backward and savage countries in the world. This attitude has been hard-wired into Western reporting for years ... the image of the average Pakistani citizen as a religious fanatic or a terrorist is simply a libel, the result of ignorance and prejudice .... the Pakistan that is barely documented in the West - and that I have come to know and love - is a wonderful, warm and fabulously hospitable country.” - Are we wrong about Pakistan?, The Telegraph.
5. Pakistan is no place for activism [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="570"] Record breaking anti-government protest , Islamabad, November 2014. Photo: Aqib Mughal.[/caption] Most people will not know that the most popular genre of Pakistan television is not the sitcom or the soap opera, it is the political talk shows. Two thirds of the Pakistani population is aged 30 or below, and with the International Monetary Fund (IMF) recognising Pakistan as having “abundant economic potential”, this dynamic combination earns itself a “watch this space” hashtag. The past few years have seen increasing groups of civil society engaging in active protests including doctors, nurses, lawyers and persons with disabilities. Many people don’t know that Pakistanis actually broke the record of the longest sit-in protest in the world in 2014, where political activists gathered in the capital city of Islamabad (often referred to as one of the most beautiful capital cities in the world) for 126 days in anti-government protests against alleged election rigging in the national elections of 2013. This contributed to the first ever Judicial Commission investigation into alleged election rigging in Pakistan’s history. 6. Pakistan is no place of beauty [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="546"] Badshai Mosque, Lahore. Photo: Yasir Nisar Photography.[/caption] [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="570"] Badshai Mosque, Lahore. Photo: Asiph Mehmood Tea Co Solutions.[/caption] Pakistan is like four seasons at any one time. In Pakistan, you will discover the most picturesque valleys and breathtakingly stunning water landscapes, the second highest mountain range in the world and many glorious historical buildings and forts. The capital city of Islamabad is often referred to as one of the most beautiful capital cities in the world and Lahore as the “Paris of Asia”. 7. Pakistan is no place for academia [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="380"] Cricketer Shahid Afridi with a young student during an education campaign. Photo: MASH.[/caption] Last year, Pakistan broke its own record for the world’s youngest Microsoft Certified Professional. A scientist of Pakistani origin made an unprecedented discovery in neuroscience. It was the only Asian country to obtain CERN’s (European Council for Nuclear Research) associate membership. Just the year before that, a Pakistani school student established a new world record of the most A-grades in O and A’ levels; a whopping 47 in total! There are many credible achievements and contributions prior to this, but with limited space, it is worth noting the Pakistani professor who won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1979 and whose contribution to theories are being studied in syllabuses across the developed world today. So there we have it, a quick whistle stop tour beyond the realms of Facebook. There is no denying the relentless realities of corruption, injustice, and violence which plague the country today, but there are two sides to every coin. The above is just a snapshot of the potential of the people of Pakistan without adequate resources, support or infrastructure. The day they rise for their rights and break free of their shackles, they will see that tomorrow has their name written all over it, and so will the world around them. Come on Pakistan, you can do it! This post originally appeared here.

Modern Romance: Revolutionising relationships and the internet romance realm

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As the yearly calendar enters the blistering heat of July, I find myself contemplating all possible avenues of relief. My list starts off with ice-cold smoothies and ends on clichéd American action films, all to no avail. Ambling in misery, I walk into the local bookstore, skip a few shelves, and end up deciding to cool off this summer with 277 pages of Modern Romance. Aziz Ansari’s acute wit and candour instantly absorbs me — a testing, ardent 21st generation reader. Gone is the trusted, poetic approach to romance, inspired by Rumi’s ageless art of implication, favoured in the contemporary works of writers including Samantha Young, and Shamsur Rahman Faruqi, especially in his 2013 romance-classic ‘Mirror of Beauty’. Instead, Ansari’s neatly revolutionised world of romance commits to inventive, single women tweets about careless, disloyal men, coupled with a series of simple to comprehend hello, what’s up texts between two strangers, masquerading as eternal lovers. Quite a mundane transition, right? Not really. Romance, regardless of era, impacts humanly emotion only when related to and let’s face it, the modes of relativity today are all technological. All these years, as awe-inspiring as a lengthy account of a young man’s love for his darling may have seemed, it just isn’t as real to us anymore as a two sentence Facebook status is. Peppered emoticons, a handful of likes, the utter shortage of words, this is what we want, our mindlessly powerful language of modern-day love. Thus, in his seven frank chapters of investigative romance, Ansari has declared us both guilty and intrigued. The first half of the book enjoys a storyline focused on the author’s many interactions with women in the most awkward of places possible — exploring chances of dating and friendship in Manhattan’s three o’clock bars and passenger-crossings in Brooklyn. All of it is meant to describe Ansari as primarily one of us, slow on catching the attention of girls, and if lucky, in no privacy whatsoever. The other half of the book doesn’t necessarily have a storyline from what I could gather. But the question is, does it really need one? Definitely not when the author can offer a spicy arrangement of people’s relationship blunders and blind-date flattery, provoking laughter left, right and centre. A text conversation entails just that,

Darren: Hey, Stephanie. It’s me, Darren! (Confident, energetic) Woman: Hey, Darren. This is Stephanie’s mom. One second . . . Darren: Shit! (Quiet)
An author’s manner of narration plays a critical role in not only gripping the reader but also guiding him through various twists and turns of a book. I was determined to shut the book and shove it under my bed as I passed ‘Searching for your soul mate’, chapter one of seven, had it not been for the first-hand interviews which followed next. Ansari quotes a young American woman,
“It’s becoming too common for guys to ask girls to ‘hang out’ rather than directly asking them on a date.”
And then later,
“I’m not sure if it’s because guys are afraid of rejection or because they want to seem casual about it, but it can leave one (or both) people unsure about whether or not they’re even on a date.”
Change of voice? Bingo! Ansari, you genius! Get a few more quotes from these women, and I think we are in for a lengthy male-female tussle here. Now where is that second chapter? Coming from one of the most animated stand-up comedians of our time, for a debut book, this is extensively researched material. Wichita, Kansas, Buenos Aires, Paris, and Tokyo are just a few cities to have lent their opinions, personal details and wild adventures to Ansari’s book, allowing him complete penetration into the internet romance realm. American sociologist Eric Klinenberg, a PhD graduate from UC Berkley and also co-writer of the project, uses all his experience to lend the book its missing psychological and anthropological angles. Elaborated charts entailing crude marriage rates in Europe, and tables contrasting personal insecurities to chances of enjoyable romance, are just slivers of quality research constituting an impressive evidentiary base. Therefore, the book enjoys novel-like narration, as well as a rich arsenal of global narratives and facts, an ultra-rare blend to find in a single romantic feast. The construction of an international perspective on romance instead of America’s simpler national take attributes complete diversity to Ansari’s humble debut, demonstrating versatility and acclaimed humour in equal measure. In trademark candour, the promising writer concludes,
“In books like this, it’s easy to get negative about technology and its impact, but let’s all realise we are in the same boat, dealing with the same shit.”

Why doesn’t Pakistan care about climate change?

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You may have come across news about climate change or an agreement in Paris in December, and ignored it. For many of us, this threat seems far off from Pakistan; but it is coming our way, and if we don’t prepare ourselves the right way, the damage could be insurmountable. The threat I am referring to is one posed by climate change. Greenhouse gas emissions are causing world temperatures to rise and if we don’t act to slow down, and eventually stop carbon emissions, our planet will become uninhabitable for our grandchildren. People in Pakistan might question why this matters for a country like ours; it is not as if we are responsible for emissions. It is the western industrialised nations who have caused this, and they should be the ones to fix it. It would be partially correct arguing this. Unfortunately, we live in a world where laying the blame solely on someone else, and expecting them to solve the problem, is not a sustainable solution (in reference to climate change and elsewhere). Climate change affects us all; from the mountains in the north, to the fertile plains of the Indus, to the deserts in Sindh, and the entire coastline in Balochistan. A temperature rise of two degrees or higher would mean rising sea levels, change in weather patterns, extreme storms and floods. Yes, floods, like the one Pakistan had to suffer through in 2010 that nearly destroyed a quarter of the country and affected millions of people. Such floods offered a stern example of the threat that lingers in Pakistan and should serve as a warning to us. The floods were devastating and a stark reminder of how incapable we are as a nation to handle the challenges of climate change. Adaptation to the effects of climate change is a big part of the United Nations Framework Convention for Climate Change. Negotiators from all member countries meet at this convention several times a year to discuss climate change issues. Of late, these negotiators have been working to formulate a deal, to be brokered in Paris in December, which will provide a framework for countries to reduce their carbon emissions, adapt to the effects of climate change and arrange for finances – all while ensuring a fair and ambitious agreement is reached between all countries. To ensure that each country played their respective part, all were asked to submit their Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDCs) that lay out each country’s plan to both reduce emissions and adapt to climate change. The deadline to submit the INDCs was in October. Pakistan, however, submitted its INDC on November 12, 2015. While the majority of other countries have put forward a plan that lays out how they intend to reduce emissions by reaching peak emissions, and reducing their current emissions, Pakistan has failed to make any such commitment. As an example, China has committed to reach peak emissions by 2030 and start drawing 20% of its primary energy needs from non-fossil fuels by the same time. Bangladesh has committed to reduce its GHG emissions from Business-As-Usual (BAU) by 15 % in 2030 based on adequate provision of international support and Afghanistan has committed to a reduction in GHG emissions from BAU of 13.6% by 2030, conditional on international support. Pakistan’s INDC states that we were not able to measure our emissions and vaguely mentions that we may choose to reduce emissions in the future. A major concern for Pakistan is not to lose access to cheap energy like coal. And while that may make short term political sense, the INDC provided us with an opportunity to explore a development pathway that was both green and sustainable and highlight such efforts as Quaid-e-Azam Solar Park. The need to choose between development and a green economy no longer exists, and the New Climate Economy reports have shown that it is possible to sustain high GDP growth rates and become increasingly green. In fact, in the long run, especially, as fossil fuels run out, it would be more beneficial to switch to renewable energy to fulfil our development needs. For once, the government of Pakistan could have chosen to be forward-thinking and chosen a development path which is sustainable, both economically and environmentally. But, hey, who cares about the environment, Lahore is getting a new theme park!


Stories from 2015 that could only have made headlines in Pakistan

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It is the first day of January of 2016. Yes, the New Year has begun. We are all a bit older, wiser, and sadly, a little closer to death. Naturally, this is the perfect time to look back at some of the news stories that made headlines in Pakistan and across the world. Girls at Dhabas: For Pakistanis worn down by the taxing life of the big city, nothing quite reignites the brain cells like a good cup of doodh pati (tea). Sold at dhabas (roadside restaurants), these delicious cups of hot tea brewed in milk are consumed by the masses at every corner of the country with great regularity. [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="600"] Photo: Indiegogo[/caption] While women aren’t barred from dhabas, they aren’t as regular a fixture at these small tea shops as men due to various social norms. When regular tea consuming friends Sadia Khatri, Natasha Ansari, Rabeea Arif and Najia Khan, decided to confront the gender disparity, they started the hashtag #girlsatdhaba. Little did they know that their movement would take on a life of its own. Today, the initiative has thousands of fans on Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and Tumblr. #girlsatdhaba has been covered by news websites such as The Express Tribune and Buzzfeed, and has even caught on in the neighbouring India. This, of course, is fantastic. The patriarchal mindset of Pakistani society will start changing when women reclaim their social spaces. Our men need to become accustomed to seeing single or groups of women in public settings without male escorts. I, for one look, forward to #girlsonscooters #girlsinjeans and #girlsdrivingtaxis as the next Pakistani social movements. Pakistan demands return of Koh-i-Noor diamond from Britain: [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="640"] Photo: Reuters[/caption] After some Indians sued England’s Queen Elizabeth for the return of the Koh-i- Noor diamond, many Pakistanis scoffed,

“You’re kidding right? Ranjit Singh’s capital was Lahore. His empire was in Pakistan. He was born in a Pakistani city. His granddaughter died a Pakistani. OK so it was India at the time… but still!”
So naturally, we too decided to file a court petition for the return of the 105-carat diamond. Personally, I think Pakistan is better off examining its treatment of various minorities, relics, and heritage sites than chasing the diamond. Our stifling lack of multiculturalism won’t be fixed by the return of Koh-i-Noor. Also, I’d hate to see the diamond end up in the government’s hands, where 10% of it disappears into the pocket of some politician. Pakistani man marries two girls on the same day: The bizarre thing about a man marrying two cousins on the same day in a ceremony where he was embracing both of them wasn’t in the act itself, as much it was in how he was hailed as a champion for doing so. The story was picked up by various Pakistani TV channels, many of whom openly cheered the man for his actions. The groom, in his late 20s, was lauded for saving these two women from the process of finding husbands before they were past their shelf lives. Oh those poor unmarried girls. Thank goodness this guy came along! There are so many things wrong with this story. First of all, would the opposite have been okay? Would a woman have been applauded for saving two men from bachelorhood? Also, who says unmarried girls need saving? Why must they be married by a certain date, if at all? Neither gender comes with an expiry date. Woman from Sialkot gives birth to quintuplets: [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="600"] Photo: Dunya News[/caption] In lighter news, a woman from Sialkot gave birth to three girls and two boys at a Military Hospital. Certainly, the process must have been tough for the mother, and will continue to be trying as her children grow older. What’s more, the cost of raising these children is going to be very high, and one can only hope the family has been given some aid from the government to help in the journey. But look at them! They are adorable! https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_h3N8xF7tQ4 Pakistani men are the third sexiest: When a dating website ranked Pakistani men as the third sexiest in the world, local social media went into frenzy. The story was shared countless times across Facebook by Pakistani men who gloated and said,
“See… see?”
On the other hand, many Pakistani women were taken aback. Some even said,
“What? Have they even been to Karachi?”
Karachi men were immediately put off by these passive aggressive comments. We have some handsome men, some of whom are currently living in self-exile in the United Kingdom. As it turns out, the entire report was flawed. Techjuice.pk expands on the issues with the survey:
“In this case, the online dating portal Miss Travel did conduct a survey to collect opinions on ‘the Sexiest Nationalities’, but they were based on one sample male from different countries as an example. And the only contribution from Pakistan to that list was Zayn Malik, a 22-year-old born and bred in Bradford, United Kingdom, and whose remotest relation to Pakistan is that his father hails from this country.
[caption id="" align="alignnone" width="625"] Photo: ZAP2IT[/caption]
But did the article-churning, social media sharing machines care? Nope. Every single post that has been circulated ever since this story went viral has pictures of Pakistani celebrities like Hamza Ali Abbasi, Fawad Khan, Ali Zafar, and Imran Khan plastered all over the place. Were they even a part of this survey? Did any of the participating 66,309 American females ever see even so much as a photograph of these celebrities before they hit Zayn Malik’s name on that opinion poll questionnaire? Highly unlikely.”
Please play with us India: In 2015, the Pakistan Cricket Board (PCB) somewhat shamelessly chased its Indian counterpart to agree to a series. While the Indians remained impassive, the PCB released strange contradictory statements almost on a weekly basis regarding the series, hilariously giving their neighbours deadlines that the Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI) clearly didn’t care about. [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="600"] PCB Chairman Shaharyar Khan. Photo: AFP[/caption] Ultimately, after months of trying to woo them, the PCB finally gave up, after losing all self-respect in the eyes of cricket fans across the world. Although a Pakistan-India series is obviously lucrative, it is a pity that the PCB came across as a would-be lover running desperate circles around a crush who wouldn’t give them the time of day. Paris and The Refugee Crisis: [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="600"] Rescuers workers evacuate victims near the Bataclan concert hall in central Paris, on November 13, 2015. A number of people were killed and others injured in a series of gun attacks across Paris, as well as explosions outside the national stadium where France was hosting Germany. Photo: AFP[/caption] This last year was an alarming period where extremism made headlines with great frequency. The attacks in Paris shocked the world, where ISIS conducted one of the deadliest attacks in the history of France. While there was backlash against refugees, it is heartening to see that some nations continued in their overwhelming support for those displaced from their nations. Recently, the Trudeau government welcomed thousands into Canada. Meanwhile, Germany is said to have helped over a million refugees. The price of safety: [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="600"] Photo: AFP[/caption] The potential for terrorism has certainly affected the way we have lived our lives in 2015. Precautionary measures have affected both public transportation and air travel. Here in Pakistan, we too have had to deal with the inconvenience of restricted freedoms. This past year, more draconian measures were introduced in parliament designed to curb internet privacy in the name of protection. Most recently, Blackberry threatened to pull out of Pakistan after the government demanded unfettered access to their encryption Enterprise Services. [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="600"] Photo: Mohammad Noman / Express[/caption] Even New Year’s Day was a sombre affair in Karachi. Roads were shut down and security was so tight that many Karachiites ushered in 2015 by sitting in their apartments and listening to the celebratory gunfire. It was another bad year to be an Ahmadi in Pakistan. In Jhelum, Punjab, a factory owned by the Ahmadiyya community was burned down by an angry mob. Although many escaped the factory complex, which contains a residential section, a number were still inside when the horror began. To make matters worse, an Ahmadi place of worship was also torched. Through no fault of their own, these Pakistanis lost their homes and peace of mind thanks to local clerics who had riled up their worshipers with fiery speeches. [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="640"] Photo: Reuters[/caption] Not a few months later, mobile shop owners at Hafeez Centre hung up signs with derogatory language against Ahmadias. After these men were arrested, and the signs taken down in a commendable move by the Punjab government, a protest began against both the police and the minority group in question. Sadly, it doesn’t seem like 2016 will be any different in terms of how tolerant our general public is of those who different beliefs than them. But there is light at the end of the tunnel. It seems like the Punjab government is serious about turning things around. Taking action at Hafeez Centre may have been a tiny step, but in context of this nation’s history, it was a giant leap. The Kingdom has made headlines in 2015 for a variety of undesirable reasons. One of the most curious news stories was regarding Saudi Grand Mufti Sheikh Abdul Aziz, who has previously reportedly issued a fatwa that men should eat their wives when hungry. He later denied this after the outrage and said that all churches in the Gulf should be destroyed, and blamed Israel for ISIS. [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="600"] Saudi Grand Mufti Sheikh Abdul Aziz. Photo: AFP[/caption] Look Mr Grand Mufti, we realise that Israel’s treatment of Palestinians has been deplorable, but let’s give credit where it’s due: 1. The second highest number of foreign fighters killing, pillaging, and raping for ISIS are from Saudi Arabia, not Israel. 2. ISIS follows a radical version of Islam called Wahhabism which is ‘rooted and encouraged’ in Saudi Arabia, not Israel. 3. According to Wikileaks, Saudi Arabia, not Israel, has spread the cancerous Wahhabism to countries like Pakistan, infecting people with intolerance against “Christians, Jews, Shiites, Sufis, Sunni Muslims who do not follow Wahhabi doctrine, Hindus, atheists and others”, as reported by Freedom House. 4. Ensaf Haidar, the wife of the imprisoned Saudi blogger Raif Badawi, said the Saudi government behaves like Daesh (ISIS). Note, she didn’t say Israel. 5. Wikileaks mentions Saudi Arabia as an ATM for terror groups such as Taliban, Al Qaeda, Lashkar-e-Taiba, as well as the unrest in Syria and Iraq. No sign of Israel in the picture. So let’s not try to pass off the blame for this mad dog on to someone else. Pakistan: This was a promising year for Pakistani cinema. We were treated to watchable films such as Shah, Manto, 3 Bahadur, and Moor. While none of these films were perfect, they showed that our local film industry is on the right track. Incidentally, none of these cinematic releases made it to the list of top five highest grossing Pakistani films, even though they had respectable takes. Surprisingly, the highest grossing local film of 2015 was the trashy Jawani Phir Nahi Ani, which just goes to show: sex sells. Star Wars: Sure, The Force Awakens wasn’t perfect. For one, it closely followed the blueprint of A New Hope. For the other, it carried a couple of plot holes larger than Jabba the Hut’s head. But it was the most entertaining film of the year and revived a franchise that had been nearly killed by the prequel trilogy. Perhaps it is because I am a diehard Star Wars fan, but episode seven was my favourite film of the year. To date it has broken many Box Office records, and could even challenge the gargantuan worldwide gross of James Cameron’s Avatar. Thanks for reading everyone. May the Force be with you in 2016.

The ugly truth about Muslims in New York

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Recently, when I took the subway in New York my heart skipped a beat when I saw a poster that showed the Empire State Building on one side and on the other it said, in bold print,

“The ugly truth about Muslims”.
Below this, in fine print it continued,
“Muslims have great frittata recipes.”
My expression changed from shock to a wide smile. [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="600"] Photo: AP[/caption] New York’s subway stations are flooded with “The Muslims Are Coming” advertisements designed to shock and thereby catch the attention of millions of commuters. Other posters indicate that Muslim-invented coffee, algebra and toothbrushes. One says Muslims invented the concept of a hospital and another goes on to say, in a humorous way, that Muslims invented Justin Timberlake. The advertisements are the creative effort of a group of American-Muslim comedians to fight the stereotype of Muslims as terrorists, illiterates, and people who have made no contribution to modern day science. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1brf79VyF40 [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="405"] Photo: IMDb[/caption] I saw the docu-comedy film The Muslims Are Coming when it premiered in New York City in 2013. It showed a group of Muslim comedians performing stand-up comedy across the country, making jokes about Muslims. It was the first time many Americans had personally met a Muslim and it changed their perception of Muslims and Islam. Now the same group of performers are trying to fight the ever worsening rants about Muslims with hilarious ads designed to make average Americans think beyond ugly stereotypes. Unfortunately, Islamophobia exists in the current political environment. Surveillance of Muslims, attacks on mosques, verbal and sometime physical abuse towards Muslims does happen. This bigotry is wide-spread in the United States. A popular liberal comedian, Bill Maher, has criticised Islam many times and criticised people who try to differentiate between Islam and ISIS. The likely-Republican nominee for president, Donald Trump, has used anti-Muslim rhetoric during his presidential candidacy rallies. Only a few years ago a series of anti-Islam advertisement were shown on public transport vehicles in major cities across the country. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GkWtcy5GFZI Muslims are fighting this false perception of supporting terrorism at many levels. During the past week, a courageous young man shouted in a Trump rally,
“Not all Muslims are terrorists.”
He was removed from the rally. [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="600"] Photo: Robert Lee Bailey[/caption] Since social media campaigns such as #notinmyname have gone viral after terrorist attacks, scholars like Reza Aslan and liberal advocates like Haroon Moghul answer tough questions on national television stations. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ipfgfTtqq2c https://twitter.com/Cre8tvlyLicnsd/status/665402962789953536 https://twitter.com/daniasalt/status/665376676478631937 https://twitter.com/shadowwraiths/status/665326543267303424 On a different front, Islamic art and works showing the peaceful tradition of Sufism are being presented across the US. The Metropolitan Museum of Art has a wing dedicated to Islamic art and the Agha Khan Foundation has opened the first museum in North America to present the cultured image of Islam. The Muslim presence in society is visible in major cities. A quick Google search yields the names of dozens of mosques and Islamic schools in New York City. Within a one-mile radius of my apartment in Brooklyn, there are at least five mosques, two Islamic schools and many halal grocery stores, supermarkets and restaurants. Thousands of people gather for Eid prayers in parks all across the country. Moreover, Eid is now an official holiday for Muslims living in the New York City Metropolitan area. In 2015, the city council of Hamtramck, part of the Detroit Metropolitan area, became the first majority Muslim city council in the US. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=chIxQmN6K7E Large numbers of American Muslims are physicians, businessmen, lawyers, academics, and other professionals. They share the same values of family, education and dedication to hard work as other American families. Most Muslims are well integrated in society and have developed human connections that debunk the ugly myths about Islam. [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="600"] Photo: Reuters[/caption] In the wake of the Paris and San Bernardino attacks, a few politicians and policy-makers want to tap into public fear and many right-wing media sources are adding fuel to the fire by using propaganda against Islam. This means that law-abiding Muslims living in the US have the responsibility to spread the peaceful narrative of Islam by their words and actions. If we fail to educate people around us about the ever peaceful Islam, these oblivious people will only have the negative and ugly information. [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="392"] Photo: New York Times[/caption] The poster campaign in the New York City subway system is a clever and humorous way to create a more accurate understanding of Muslim beliefs and accomplishments.

Master storyteller, Patrick Modiano, casts a delicious spell with Suspended Sentences

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For anyone who has read or is generally interested in the works of Marcel Proust and is in search of a contemporary French novelist, Patrick Modiano is a thrilling new discovery. In 2014, when the Swedish Academy awarded the Nobel Prize in literature to Modiano, the literary world was caught off guard. A household name in France and a celebrated figure in European literary circles, Modiano was little known elsewhere. With as much as 20 books scheduled for translation and international publication, Modiano’s oeuvre is starting to find a wider audience that it rightly deserves. In awarding him the prize the Swedish Academy praised him

“For the art of memory with which he has evoked the most ungraspable human destinies and uncovered the life-world of the occupation.”
[caption id="" align="alignnone" width="600"] Photo: Guardian[/caption] Peter Englund, the permanent secretary of the Academy hailed him as ‘a Marcel Proust of our time’. After reading some of his books, one can only agree. Like Proust, Modiano is interested in the labyrinths of memory, traversing through which his characters come to terms with their past. Suspended Sentences, a dazzling collection of three novellas, is now available to readers worldwide in Mark Polizzotti’s vivid and beautiful English translation. The three novellas in this book, Afterimage, Suspended sentences and Flowers of ruin, first appeared in France between 1988 and 1993. Although these novellas essentially appear to be independent pieces, they are beautifully woven together, and much like Modiano’s entire body of work, they make subtle and repeated connections with one another and many of the leitmotifs and themes are stitched brilliantly together in unison. They are identical in their ruminative tone, interlaced in their murky subject matter and all are concerned with memory and identity. [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="410"] Photo: File[/caption] In the first novella, ‘Afterimage’, the narrator is recollecting memories of a photographer called Francis Jensen, who he met and knew in Paris as a young man. After realising the quality of his magnum and avant-garde work the narrator decides to undertake the task of cataloging the photographer’s archives. In doing so, he is piecing together the parts of a puzzle that help him understand why the eccentric photographer slowly and resolutely drifted away from life. The title novella, ‘Suspended Sentences’, is the standout in this small collection. It is the also the liveliest of the three. It takes the form of a childhood memoir in which young Patoche is abandoned by his parents and is living with a surrogate family along with his brother. The family is no ordinary one. The life in their house is densely populated by peculiar family friends who arrive in opulent American cars and hold surreptitious meetings with the family. As young Patoche reminisces the jouncing memories of his time there, he is flooded by a distant feeling of suspicious nostalgia. The final piece, ‘Flowers of Ruin’ is darker and more mysterious than its predecessors. The narrator recalls his teenage years in Paris, during the 1960s, and traces the connections between the people he knew and the “tragic orgy”, during which a young and newly married couple commits suicide for unknown reasons after they attend a party one evening with a few other couples who are even more dubious and strange. In these three, svelte and minutely observed novellas, memory and experience are marked by fluidity and transience. The lives of the characters flicker against the tapestry of the past and they slide back and forth in time. And in this book, through his delicate, subtle and restrained observation of his characters’ past lives, Modiano creates a fine and frightening study of how the past preys upon the present. ‘Suspended Sentences’ is so flawlessly written that it feels as if Modiano is drawing us into a dream. From the opening sentence of this book, I felt myself under the spell of a master storyteller and a brilliant prose stylist. These novellas are written in Modiano’s signature style which mixes restrained elegance with laconic tenderness and dry humor. His novels have often been described as the literary form of detective stories, however, the irony is that the mysteries he scrutinises are never completely solved, hence he keeps returning to them and treads the same terrain again and again with an uncanny compulsiveness. ‘Suspended sentences’ verifies our ability to remember as a mean of saving our moral and empathetic identity. Modiano’s characters are concerned with examining their consciousness and searching for their identity, and this tangled trail becomes more essential as they slowly become more disconnected from their lives. The three novellas in this exquisite and splendid collection are as accessible as they are engrossing and as mysterious as they are poised. And what gives this book an air of amiable readability is that Modiano’s style is as lucid and uncomplicated as his subject matter is weighty and dark. While there is a plethora of picaresque images and rich atmospheric detail, the prose is never dense. In fact, one of the greatest pleasures of reading this book is Modiano’s supremely light touch and the smoothness of his prose. Another thing that Modiano obsessively toys with is ambiguity, which lingers palpably on every page of the book. The narrative, in each of the novellas, seems to encircle a theme that is never blatantly discussed. There is no climax in these stories. And though one turns the mesmerising pages with delightful anticipation, fervently awaiting for some revelation that accounts for and explains all the mysteries but Modiano doesn’t grant his readers that satisfaction. [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="600"] Photo: Guardian[/caption] He continuously drops hints and instigates speculations, but he leaves the reader enmeshed in a bizarre sense of bewilderment. He gives us the plot and the characters, but he leaves the job of creating the meaning of its experience to us. Hence, finishing the book one shares the feelings of one of the characters in the book:
“It’s like in the morning when you try to recall your dream from the night before, but all that’s left are scraps that dissolve before you can put them together.”
“Suspended Sentences” might not be Modiano’s major and most popular work, but, nonetheless, it is an excellent place to introduce the readers to his expansive opus. It is as good as anything he has ever written. Almost every sentence is a thing of beauty and the three novellas as a whole will prove to be a joy. There’s something memorable on every page and the book as whole casts a spell, one to which anyone with a liking for masterly narrative sweep, richly textured prose and imaginative flair and depth, will be happy to submit to.

Terrorism doesn’t care if you are non-Muslim or Muslim, Brussels and Turkey are proof of that

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ISIS has claimed responsibility for the attack in Brussels. This could be a revenge attack in response to the Paris terror suspect Salah Abdeslam’s arrest in the city, last Friday. This could also be a symbolic attack against the European Union. Or it could just be another venue for a terror attack after Turkey, as the world watches in horror. It would be an oversimplification to suggest that ISIS is a group of overzealous Muslims working towards the ‘holy’ cause of establishing an Islamic Caliphate; they kill innocent civilians, both Muslims and non-Muslims. They work carefully to draw a wedge between ethnicities within a country to spark dispute. They target vulnerable people and brainwash them for carrying out heinous crimes. They attack soft targets of symbolic importance to create a global monopoly over terror. Did ISIS come into power to strengthen Islam or create a stronghold for its followers? Not by any stretch of the imagination did Islam, or Muslims, require their services. The Iraq war was a foreign policy disaster. Camp Bucca, widely believed to be the breeding ground of ISIS, was not a convention for pious Muslim men. It was a detention facility for the prisoners of war in Iraq; it brought together people from Saddam Hussein’s army, the regime and others who now had a common enemy. It allowed these men, including the current leader of ISIS, to coalesce into a group and launch a unifying ideological narrative. Meanwhile, US efforts to enforce a western model of ‘democracy’ in Iraq were not bearing any fruit. One of the reasons was the lack of understanding of the ethnically diverse society and the importance of an amicable power sharing agreement amongst the three dominant ethnic groups: Shiites, Sunnis and Kurds. As the foreign military forces prepared to withdraw, the country slipped into civil war. The resulting power vacuum allowed ISIS to gain control in Iraq. Failure of the government in Iraq, conflict in the Middle East, proxy wars and the opportunity for seizing power in the region, all added up to creating ISIS. The abysmal socio-economic situation in Iraq with no hope for a bright future makes an entire generation of people that have grown up only knowing war, vulnerable to radicalisation. Islamophobia is on the rise as ISIS has successfully recruited Muslims, born and raised in Europe, to turn against their country. The recent terror attacks in Europe have sparked a discussion regarding Muslim ghettos; particularly in Brussels and Paris. These are neighbourhoods that are marred with poverty, drug abuse and unemployment. The people in these communities either do not find opportunities for upward mobility in the society or willingly live in their cocoons. The disenfranchised men in these neighbourhoods are falling prey to ISIS recruiters. Many of the attacks in France and in Belgium have been traced back to a slum in Brussels. Using Islam as an ideological basis works well for ISIS as it presents a unifying cause that can attract sympathisers by transcending borders and nationalities. It remains to be seen how Europe will respond to the attacks in Brussels, as far as concrete policy steps or a change in strategy against ISIS are concerned. While world leaders condemned the terror attacks, prospective US presidential candidates also presented their stance on the situation. Donald Trump was quick to capitalise on this catastrophe by suggesting that attacks in Brussels were “just the beginning”. He also directly associated the attacks to Muslim immigrants and the refugees going to European countries. He has also previously criticised Angela Merkel for “ruining Germany” with respect to her policy of welcoming refugees into the country. It can be conjectured that these attacks will only serve to solidify his position on national security in the US and attract more support from the Republican base, as he continues to incite fear. The Republican front-runner had suggested a “total and complete” halt on Muslims entering the US, “until the country’s representatives can figure out what is going on” following the attacks at San Bernardino. His suggested policy against immigrants and Muslims, while inviting sharp criticism from many in the party, has resonated well with enough Republicans to make him the frontrunner. The attack in Brussels will prove to be catastrophic for refugees seeking asylum in European nations. Just days ago, European officials discussed their apprehensions at the Brussels Forum regarding the refugee and migrant crisis. There were concerns that ISIS might be sending fighters disguised as Syrian refugees, to carry out more attacks like the ones in Paris last year. Also, European countries are not willing to bear the economic strain of providing social services to refugees. Recently, anti-immigrant right-wing AfD fared very well in the local elections in Germany, which is considered a reaction against Angela Merkel’s open-door policy towards refugees. The crisis is being credited with fuelling the rise of right-right parties all across Europe, as evidenced by last year’s elections. It is, however, devastating to see the world react to Brussels with such concern, and completely miss looking over its shoulder at Turkey – a country that has been brought to its knees these past few days. The key to fighting this menace lies in collective acceptance of the fact that terrorism does not care whether you are non-Muslim or Muslim – it will attack regardless. Talking about one attack in a European country and dismissing the attack in the Muslim country by the same forces of terror will not help anyone.


The Year of the Runaways will be remembered in the years to come

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Sunjeev Sahota’s second novel, The Year of the Runaways, is a rare piece of literature that has been lucky enough to receive timely praise. Eliciting a largely positive reception, it has been called one of the best novels of the past year and was also shortlisted for the Booker prize. [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="383"] Photo: AFP[/caption] At the heart of the book are the claustrophobic and morose lives of three Indian immigrants and a British-Indian girl. The three men, Tochi, Avtar and Randeep share a congested and ramshackle house in Sheffield along with a hoard of other migrant workers. Although Randeep’s wife, Narinder, is the female protagonist in the novel, their relationship is not that of a typical married couple; they don’t live in the same house, don’t talk to each other and they don’t love each other. At the beginning of the book, in short, swiftly-moving chapters, Sahota gives readers phosphorescent screenshots of the lives of these men prior to their arrival in UK and describes with an unrelenting compassion the early trials and tribulations faced by them upon their arrival in Sheffield. He writes about their early days of acclimation to a foreign land with such an eerie intimacy as if he is writing about his own. In first of these interlacing stories, we meet Tochi, a rickshaw driver, and on top of that, an untouchable, who finds himself at the end of the spiteful wrath of the Hindu caste system. The injustice and the disgrace which accompany him like a shadow fully humanise his character and give the reader a sense of what it feels to be at the receiving end of the highly segregated, down trodden and strictly governed caste-based society. The monologue of Tochi’s life explains why he has erected walls around himself and why he doesn’t casually mingle with other men in Sheffield isolating himself, after he arrives illegally with a fake passport, through a torturous detour via Russia and Paris. Next, the readers are introduced to the remaining two male characters; Randeep and Avtar. The line of their relationship is quite blurry. But they learn the truly value of the bond they share, first as mere neighbours in India and then later as travel partners and fellow immigrants to Sheffield. Towards the end of the first half of the book the author familiarises us with Narindar, a devout Sikh, who, in the wake of her life in the UK, finds herself embroiled in a confounding tangle of questions about identity, goodness, morality, duty, honour, virtue and responsibility; questions that will haunt her throughout her life and will drag their chained feet, throughout the length of the book, towards an unattainable, if not impossible, resolve. [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="600"] Photo: Spectator[/caption] Picking up its pace in the second half, the story plays a well thought out game of chess with the lives of it vulnerable characters; confronting, daring, defeating and building them up again as their relationships blossom and their lives converge. With every new turn they make, there seems to be a new hardship glaring straight into their eyes, with uncanny and unhindered stubbornness only to give them a false sense of hope before bringing the three men and Narindar to their knees, again. There is little redemption in this novel. It is seismic in terms of the melancholy it gathers over the course of over five hundred pages. With constant brush strokes, Sahota paints a picture that is as fresh as it is raw, as downhearted as it is unforgiving. In lives rife with temporary marriages, illegal works and the dangling dangers of expiring student visas, Sahota kindles and rekindles an impending sense of love and desperation. Traversing through labyrinths of minor and acute details, this colossus of a novel confronts questions of enormous political and social import. In a prose lit by a high voltage torch of frank emotion and compassion, Sahota has written a stylistically brilliant and technically accomplished novel. The characters, the plot and the prose are brought to life with a breath of humanity. Sahota uses his copious gifts as a wonderfully evocative storyteller to surprise his readers with scenes which are as graphic as they are humane. When his characters clean sewers, when their families are murdered, when they are forced into marriages, there is always a glittering and scintillating shimmer of love cascading behind the veneer of Sahota’s murky words. [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="600"] Photo: Atlantic[/caption] The Year of the Runaways packs an intensely compelling narrative and enthralling odyssey, which unfurls before the eyes of its mesmerised reader, and brings startling revelations that are sometimes beautiful, always heart-warming and but never implausible or awkwardly contrived. The characters and the worlds they are inhabitants of feel as real as our own. The remarkably gifted writer uses subtlety and poignancy with immense skill, in what is just his second novel to date, for which his work will be remembered in the years to come.


Portugal’s victory in Euro 2016 proved that the whole is greater than the one!

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The final of the European Championships took place in Paris, France, with Ronaldo’s Portugal against a resolute French team that had thumped Iceland in the quarter finals and edged past Germany in the semis. France were the absolute favourites to win the cup; indeed, it hadn’t been expected that Portugal would even reach the final. History was on Didier Deschamp’s side as Portugal had never beaten France in a major tournament and had only beaten France five times in 24 meetings, with a massive defeats-total of 19 games. However, the Portuguese were slightly more rested than the hosts, and would have the edge if it came to extra time. Earlier on, it looked like it would be a sad night for the visitors as their captain Cristiano Ronaldo went off in the first half due to a rash challenge from Dimitri Payet, which dimmed the occasion considerably. [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="600"] Dimitri Payet's tackle on the Real Madrid man was forceful but the Frenchman won the ball.
Photo: BPI Kieran McManus[/caption] [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="600"] Cristiano Ronaldo departed the Euro 2016 final with knee injury, shedding tears after suffering the knock.
Photo: BPI Kieran McManus[/caption] It was a powerful moment, as the tears of one of the best players in the world fell on the Parisian pitch. Cristiano found himself being stretchered off, his team mates watching in despair and disbelief. [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="600"] The former Manchester United man screamed in agony after the challenge from Payet that ended his night
Photo: AFP/ Getty[/caption] [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="600"] Ronaldo was distraught as the Portugal medical team helped him off the pitch and out of the game
Photo: Getty[/caption] [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="600"] The Portugal captain was carried off on a stretcher in the 24th minute, his Euro 2016 final over
Photo: EPA[/caption] Strangely, France, having dominated for the first 30 minutes, lost their rhythm after Ronaldo went off. The unity of Portugal showed through as they defended with all their might, surviving some early scares in the form of Antoine Griezmann and Moussa Sissoko. Portuguese goalkeeper Rui Patricio was also in excellent form, saving some long range shots. [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="600"] France's Moussa Sissoko, center, challenges for the ball with Portugal's Cedric, right and Portugal's William Carvalho, during the Euro 2016 final soccer match between Portugal and France at the Stade de France.
Photo: AP / Thanassis Stavrakis[/caption] Portugal had had an extra day of rest than the hosts and this showed as the game went on 0-0 to extra time. Fatigue was visible and the French midfield seemed to have lost their will to push forward.  Portuguese captain Nani rallied his team around him as it seemed the match would go on to penalties. With an injured Cristiano on the side-lines acting as assistant manager, Portugal struck the passes together with relative ease. [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="600"] A rueful Ronaldo puts the captain's armband on Nani as it becomes clear the Real man can't go on.
Photo: Reuters[/caption] A heart-stopping moment for Portugal occurred when French substitute Gignac struck the goalpost. Portugal were on the edge of the cliff with a bit of luck on their side. Soon afterwards Portuguese left back and Raphael stood over a wrongly given free kick. He muttered a prayer, hoped that this was his moment, and struck the goalpost with a thunderous free kick. Both sides had come as close as they could without hitting the net. [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="600"] France's Andre Pierre Gignac shoots past Portugal goalkeeper Rui Patricio, second from right, to hit the goal post during the Euro 2016 final soccer match.
Photo: AP / Michael Sohn[/caption] [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="600"] Raphael Guerreiro hit the crossbar with a free-kick in extra-time, but it was Eder who finally struck the decisive blow, arrowing a low shot beyond Lloris.
Photo: goal.com[/caption] Ronaldo, with his leg in bandages, stood alongside his manager and shouted instructions and moral support to the Portuguese players. The tension was visible on his face. He was limping and it was obviously causing him pain to walk but he seemed to ignore it, looking dedicated to the cause. [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="600"] The knee injury did not stop the skipper from getting up off his seat to encourage the Portugal team
Photo: Reuters[/caption] Midfielder Eder collected the ball and galloped infield to take a shot. From 25 yards out, few could believe that he could beat the giant of a keeper, Hugo Lloris; however, his low drive did just that. Portugal went on to win their first major international trophy, and this was an even bigger feat as they did it away from home and partially without their captain, as he was injured. The French side had to swallow another defeat in front of their home fans. Portugal hadn’t outplayed the French. They had used the right tactics at the right times, not panicking when their star forward left the pitch.  Playing on the counter attack was a bold move by their manager, Fernando Santos, and it was this that led to the opening goal. [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="600"] Fernando Santos
Photo: vavel.com[/caption] He trusted in his young midfield, Fernando Santos, and Sanches, and the pair was sound defensively and looked dangerous on the attack. However, it’s undeniable that Portugal could not have won without their solid goalkeeper, Rui Patricio, who produced some amazing saves against French. In the final, Portugal proved that the whole is greater than the one. [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="600"] After the final whistle Ronaldo's knee injury seemed to slip into insignificance as he celebrated the win.
Photo: EPA[/caption] [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="600"] By the end of the night the agony had been exchanged for ecstasy as Portugal won 1-0 in extra time
Photo: Reuters[/caption] As a football fan watching this final, I have to add that the inner strength of Portugal was amazing. When their captain went off with the tears falling off and sobs racking his body, the inner urge to give up, to lose hope would have been colossal. However, they did not panic; they stuck together and more they stayed disciplined, especially towards France’s Dimitri Payet, whose tackle resulted in the injury. Not a single player was sent off and this was commendable. Furthermore, as they were playing in France’s own backyard, the hostility from the French fans was also present. A strong team kept their heads and their wits, believed and eventually triumphed. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7spDZakwiGs Even though Portugal hadn’t lost a single match in the tournament, they hadn’t been favourites, due to the unattractive brand of football they played. They never looked like winning, though they always managed it in the end. As their manager used to say after matches, ‘it wasn’t always pretty but they got the job done’.


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